| 杨京平,陈 杰,严力蛟,范兴海.稻田渍水及土壤水分平衡对春玉米生长影响的模拟分析[J].水利学报,2001,32(12):0085-0092 |
| 稻田渍水及土壤水分平衡对春玉米生长影响的模拟分析 |
| Simulation analysis of the effects of soil waterlogging and water balance on the development and yield of spring corn in paddy field |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 渍水 春玉米 稻田 模拟分析 |
| 英文关键词: waterlogging spring corn paddy field simulation analysis |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 借助Penning de Vries的MACROS模型和1995～1997年田间及水槽实验结果，建立了玉米生长发育及水分动态耦合的模拟模型，模型模拟的玉米地上部干物质积累、土壤水分变化状况同实际较为符合。验证后的模型用于模拟不同渍水时期及持续时间对春玉米生长及产量影响的动态。模拟结果表明在田间全程控制水分为田间持水量90%情况下，春玉米孕穗期为渍水危害的敏感期，其次为4～6叶期。在自然降水及土壤渍水状况影响下，春玉米幼苗期4～6叶时为渍水的敏感期，8叶及孕穗期相对较耐渍。在玉米4、6叶期时，渍害造成产量下降的临界期为5d；而在8叶、孕穗期为10～15d.但持续20d的渍水对任何时期的春玉米生长都造成严重的影响。因此在生产中应注意在苗期及孕穗期及时排除田间多余的水分及降低地下水位。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The crop growth model MACROS and soil water balance module developed by Penning de Vries are adopted and modified to establish the spring corn simulation model for excessive and shortage conditions.This paper describes the modification of model structure in soil water balance and water stress under excessive paddy field,data set adaptation and gives the comparison between the simulated and measured results and statistics.The modified model is in good agreement with the actual result for the single cropping corn,while the relay cropping corn is found with large deviation.The simulated results using the spring corn model indicate that under the whole controlled soil water within 90% of field capacity condition,the heading and booting stage of spring corn is the most sensitive stage in the soil waterlogging condition.With the influence of rainfall and soil condition without any control of soil water moisture,4th and 6th leaf stage of spring corn is the most sensitive stage,then followed by the booting stage and the 8th leaf stage.According to the simulation,the critical time of soil waterlogging effect on the spring corn yield is 5 days at 4-6th leaf stage,10-15 days at the 8th leaf and booting stage of spring corn.But the continuous waterlogging with duration of 20 days will reduce the yield of corn at any development stage.Thus that the drainage of the excessive water and lowering down the soil water table are important to spring corn production in paddy field. |
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