| 李久生,饶敏杰.喷灌洒水与施肥均匀性对冬小麦产量的影响[J].水利学报,2002,33(1):0028-0035 |
| 喷灌洒水与施肥均匀性对冬小麦产量的影响 |
| Influence of uniformity of sprinkler applying water and fertilizer on winter wheat yield in North China plains |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 喷灌 施肥灌溉 均匀系数 华北平原 冬小麦 产量 |
| 英文关键词: sprinkler irrigation fertigation uniformity North China Plains winter wheat yield |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 喷灌均匀系数是喷灌系统设计的重要参数，而喷灌洒水与施肥的均匀性对作物产量的影响是确定均匀系数设计值的重要依据。1998～1999、1999～2000两年的喷灌洒水与施肥均匀系数对冬小麦产量影响的田间试验结果表明，当冠层以上均匀系数小于76%时，冠层以下喷灌均匀系数大于冠层以上喷灌均匀系数。灌溉季节内，累计灌水量均匀系数大于平均喷灌均匀系数，因此用平均喷灌均匀系数表示灌溉季节的灌水均匀程度会低估实际灌水的均匀性。喷灌施肥的试验结果表明，化肥施入量与灌水量的分布都可以用正态分布来表示，且它们的分布比较接近。田间试验还表明，对华北平原种植的冬小麦而言，在试验的喷灌均匀系数变化范围内(62%～82%)，喷灌洒水及施肥的均匀性对产量的影响不明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| : Field experiments were conducted in growing seasons to evaluate the influence of uniformity of sprinkler applying water and fertilizer on winter wheat yield.The seasonal mean Christiansen uniformity coefficient(CU) obtained is ranging from 62% to 82%.The results demonstrate that winter wheat canopy has significant potential to modify the water distribution of sprinkler。The uniformity coefficient below the canopy is higher than that above the canopy,if the coefficient above the canopy is lower than 76%.The Christiansen uniformity coefficients calculated from the cumulative depth caught above the canopy are larger than the averages of individual CU value during the irrigation season.Measurement of individual CU during the irrigation season will therefore underestimate the cumulative CU.Fertilizer irrigation experiment showed that distributions of both fertilizer and water applied through sprinkler system can be represented by an approximate similar normal distribution function.Field experiments also demonstrated that the uniformity of sprinkler-applied water and fertilizer has significant effect on winter wheat yield grown in North China plains. |
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