| 刘孝盈,汪 岗,范 昭,杨爱民.美国田纳西河水土保持减沙效果分析[J].水利学报,2005,36(7):00840-0845 |
| 美国田纳西河水土保持减沙效果分析 |
| Analysis of sediment reduction effect of soil and water conservation in Tennessee riverbasin |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 田纳西 水沙变化 水土保持 水利工程 |
| 英文关键词: Tennessee riverbasin sediment reduction effect water and soil conservation hydro project |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文根据田纳西干流四个主要测站1935～1942年间的泥沙资料分析得出在此段内含沙量和输沙量呈逐年减少趋势并得出其原因是气候干旱和水库建设影响的结论。根据其9个没有水利工程的支流测站进行了两个时段(1935～1938和1963～1965)的含沙量、输沙量和降雨量平均对比分析，得出第二时段年降雨量、年径流量均减少较小(7%和7.5%)，而年均输沙量和月均含沙量减少比较明显(43%和54%)。水土保持是减沙的主要原因；通过对支流VALLEY河测站1935～1938，1939～1942和1963～1965年三个时间段的还原计算和分析，得出60年代因水土保持泥沙减少39%的结论。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| According to the observation data obtained from 4 hydrological stations in main stream from 1935 to 1942, the reduction trends of sediment concentration and sediment delivery rate were analyzed. It was found that dry weather in this period and hydro projects were the main causes affecting the reduction trends. The analysis on sediment concentration, sediment transport rate and precipitation at 9 hydrological stations in tributaries in the periods from 1935 to 1938 and from 1963 to 1965 show that in the second period the annual rainfall and runoff reduced a little bit, but the annual sediment discharge and monthly average sediment concentration reduced remarkably. The measures of water and soil conservation effectively reduced the sediment erosion by 39%. |
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