| 刘文兆,上官周平,范兴科.确定农田灌溉定额的三种优化目标的比较[J].水利学报,1999,30(7):0065-0070 |
| 确定农田灌溉定额的三种优化目标的比较 |
| Comparison of three kinds of indices for calculating optimal irrigation quota |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 灌溉定额 非充分灌溉 生产效率 生产弹性系数 |
| 英文关键词: irrigation quota deficit irrigation production efficiency production elasticity |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1564 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文针对灌水量与作物产量间所经常表现出的二次抛物线的情况，就分别以追求产量、生产效率和生产弹性系数的最大值为目标的农田灌溉定额的判定结果进行了比较。研究表明，使灌水生产效率达到最大的灌溉定额只有当作物在雨养条件下无产量形成时才存在，而使生产弹性系数达到最大的灌溉定额只有当作物在雨养条件下有产量形成时才存在。考虑经济因素后的结果与此类似，区别在于此时不仅与雨养条件下能否形成产量有关，还与除灌水以外的单位面积固定费用、单位产量及单位灌水量的综合价格有关。文章同时认为，对于线性的产量与灌水量关系而论，在灌水量的取值区间内，三种优化目标的解是不存在的。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this paper the different optimal irrigation quotas according to the targets of yield per unit area,irrigation production efficiency and irrigation production elasticity reaching their maximums are compared.The relationship between crop yield and irrigation water amount is considered as a quadatic parabola.It is revealed that the irrigation quota by which the irrigation production efficiency reaching its maximum only exists in a condition of no crop yield in case of no irrigation.Contrarily,the irrigation quota by which the irrigation production elasticity reaching its maximum only exists if the crop yield could come from a rainfed land. |
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