| 茅泽育,赵升伟,张磊,黄继汤.明渠交汇口三维水力特性试验研究[J].水利学报,2004,35(2):0001-0007 |
| 明渠交汇口三维水力特性试验研究 |
| Experimental study on 3D flow characteristics at the confluence of open channels |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 明槽交汇水流 三维流速场 断面环流 分离区 五孔测球 |
| 英文关键词: confluence of open channels 3D flow field cross sectional secondary flow separation flow five hole Pitot tube |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 支流汇入主流后，在交汇口下游附近形成复杂的流动现象，对于确定渠道有效过流断面、泥沙及含有物质输移及淤积、渠底及边壁冲刷等产生重要影响。本文目的在于采用试验手段探索干支渠交汇口的三维流动结构。在一个矩形断面且等宽、45°交汇的半封闭自循环水槽中，应用五孔毕托球对明渠交汇口三维流动特性进行了试验研究。试验结果表明，对于给定交汇口形状及尺寸，分离区形状基本保持不变，尺寸随主支渠流量比变化并具有较好的相关关系；在和主渠轴线正交的横断面上交汇水流存在横向分速，水面附近横向分速指向交汇口对侧固壁，临底附近横向分速指向交汇口一侧。对于流量比较大的汇流流动，断面环流是交汇口水流三维流动的一个重要特征。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The flow characteristics at the confluence of open channels are studied experimentally in flume.The 3D flow field in the vicinity of the confluence is measured by means of five hole Pitot tube.It is found that the shape of separation zone immediately downstream of the confluence maintains of same if the configuration of the confluence is constant,but its dimension varies with the discharge ratio of main channel to tributary.A secondary current develops downstream of the junction with surface water flows towards the opposite wall and bottom flow towards the adjacent wall.The existence of cross sctional secondary flow is the important characteristics of the flow at the confluence. |
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