| 曹建生,张万军,刘昌明,杨永辉.岩土二元介质水分运动与转化特征试验研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(8):901-906 |
| 岩土二元介质水分运动与转化特征试验研究 |
| Water movement in slopes characterized by weathering layer of gneiss beneath a shallow soil layer |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 水量转化 岩土二元介质 渗流 渗透仪 径流 太行山区 |
| 英文关键词: water movement rock soil dual entity seepage lysimeter runoff Taihang mountain |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2365 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用自行设计的大型渗透仪，对2种不同风化岩体所构成的裂隙率已知的扰动组合岩土体，在天然降雨条件下的水量转化特征进行了试验研究。结果表明：(1)当降雨入渗到岩体风化层后，水分主要在裂隙网络中储存与运动，因此在进行风化岩体非饱和渗流计算时，应充分考虑岩块与裂隙填充物的不同，并按照两者的体积含水率和体积大小分别计算其水分含量。(2)裂隙岩体的风化程度对岩体渗流具有重要影响，强风化岩体的渗流最大洪峰流量与渗流总量均高于弱风化岩体，而渗流对降雨的响应慢，同时持续时间相对也短，说明在强风化的裂隙岩体中，水分不仅在裂隙网络中储存与运动，同时岩块的风化表层中也存在一定量的水分运动。(3)在岩土前期含水率较高的情况下，发生19375mm的降雨，地下径流系数达到30％左右，高出地表径流系数10％左右，这说明地下径流是太行山区对山前平原补水的主要途径，因此加强太行山区降雨对地下水补给过程的研究对缓解华北平原地下水位的下降具有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The movement of precipitation in a disturbed soil/rock entity with known fracture density, characterized by a weathering layer of gneiss beneath a shallow soil layer, was measured by a large lysimeter during rainfall events. Some conclusion were drawn from the analysis of the measurement data. (1) Water was stored and transferred in the fracture system of rocks. In order to calculate the moisture content in the weathered rock layer, the difference of rock and filling content should be considered. That is, the water content in rock and filling content should be calculated separately according to volumetric content of waterin different media and the percentage of each media. (2) Water movement in rock layer was strongly influenced by the weathered density of the fissured rock. In heavily weathered rock layer, the maximum flux of flood peak and total seepage amount were higher, while the response of seepage to precipitation was slower and the time duration was shorter, which indicated that in heavily weathered rock, a certain amount of water moved inside the rock except for those moving in fissure. (3) In condition of higher initial water content, after a 193.75mm rainfall event, the groundwater runoff coefficient was about 30%, which is 10% higher than surface runoff coefficient. The results indicated that groundwater lateral flow was the main recharging way of water from the mountainous area to the piedmont plain. |
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