| 吴迪,张剑,程永光,李冲.内置软管的管道水锤波速理论计算公式[J].水利学报,2008,39(3): |
| 内置软管的管道水锤波速理论计算公式 |
| Formula for water hammer wave speed in conduits with thin rubber tube inside |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 水锤 波速 理论公式 模型实验 |
| 英文关键词: water hammer wave speed formula model test |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 内置软管或软条是水锤模型实验中降低水锤波速的有效措施之一，然而目前没有相应的理论计算公式，具体波速只能通过实验测定。本文应用弹性力学理论，导出内置软管的水平管道水锤波速公式，并通过理论分析和与模型实验以及有限元计算的对比，验证了计算公式的可靠性，最后对影响水锤波速的因素进行了敏感性分析，结果表明软管的弹性模量和尺寸等参数对水锤波速的影响较大，而软管泊松比、初始水压力和软管内充气压强的影响相对较小，并且软管弹性模量越小、外径越大则管道水锤波速越小。在尺寸相同的条件下，内置含钢线软管是降低水锤波速的最优方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Installing a thin rubber tube or rib into the conduits is an effective method for reducing the water hammer wave speed to fulfill the similarity law for model test. A formula for calculating the reduced wave speed in such conduit is deduced based on the theory of elasticity and verified by experimental data and FEM calculation result. The sensitivity analysis on factors influencing the wave speed is carried out. The result shows that the elasticity modulus and dimensions of the rubber tube may significantly affect the wave speed and the effects of Poisson's ratio, initial water pressure as well as the internal pressure of the tube are comparatively smaller. The smaller elasticity and bigger diameter of tube may result in smaller wave speed. Under the condition of the same dimensions, the adoption of a tube reinforced by steel wires is the best way to effectively reduce the wave speed. |
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