| 陈求稳,程仲尼,蔡德所,吴世勇.基于个体模型模拟的鱼类对上游水库运行的生态响应分析[J].水利学报,2009,40(8): |
| 基于个体模型模拟的鱼类对上游水库运行的生态响应分析 |
| Analysis on the downstream fish responses to reservoir operation using individual based model |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 水库调度 鱼类种群动态 二维水环境模型 基于个体模型 |
| 英文关键词: reservoir operation impact aquatic ecosystem fish population dynamics 2-D water quality model individual-based model |
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| 摘要点击次数: 3840 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 建立了一维全河流和二维局部河段的水环境模型，并与基于个体的鱼类模型耦合，从鱼类种群动态角度研究水库运行对下游河流水生态系统的作用。文中选取了漓江下游的一段复式河道，以优势种草鱼和鲫鱼为研究对象，模拟了自然条件和水库调节作用下河道的水环境条件，以及相应的鱼类生长和分布的变化。通过模拟结果的对比分析，发现如果仅考虑水库运行造成的下游水流变化的作用，枯水期水库向河道补水对草鱼有一定的正面影响，对鲫鱼有轻微的负面影响；而在4—5月，水库运行对两种鱼类都存在比较明显的负面影响。本文建立的模型方法可为河流优化管理及水库生态友好运行提供支持。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Due to reservoir operation, mainly for flood control and hydropower generation, the flow regime in the downstream is dramatically altered, which imposes significant impacts on the aquatic ecosystem. To investigate the effects on fish population dynamics, this study developed a model that integrated a two dimensional water quality module with individual based fish module. The model was applied to a compound channel of the Lijiang River where the aquatic ecosystem has been largely affected by multiple reservoir operations in the upstream. The water quality module simulated the external forcing for the fish module and the fish module tracked the daily growth and movement of each individual fish. Two different species of fish that are grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and crucian carp (Carassius auratus) were modeled. The growth of fish length and weight for different species was modeled by corresponding empirical formula.The movement of fish was determined by their preference to water depth and flow velocity. The model was verified by historical fish survey data and field observation. It is found that the changes of flow condition in downstream due to the operation of reservoirs are in favor of the growth of fishes, although the influence is not significant. |
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