| 吕永鹏,徐启新,杨凯,车越.城市河流生态修复的环境价值及实现机制[J].水利学报,2010,41(3): |
| 城市河流生态修复的环境价值及实现机制 |
| Environmental value of urban river eco-restoration and its realization mechanism |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 城市河流 生态修复 环境价值 外部经济性 实现机制 上海长宁区 |
| 英文关键词: urban river eco-restoration environmental value external effect realization mechanism Changning District of Shanghai |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 探讨了城市河流环境价值的内涵、分类体系及常用度量方法，并以上海市长宁区的河流生态修复为案例，测算其环境价值，分析其投入产出。据此分析我国城市河流生态修复资金短缺的原因，探讨城市河流生态修复的环境价值实现机制。计算结果表明:(1)生态修复后的城市河流环境价值增值显著，本案例总计约为4. 7 亿元/年，相当于2007 年长宁区GDP 的1. 22%，年均产出投入比为14. 63;(2)城市河流生态修复的正外部经济效应显著，河流沿线居民和企业是最大的受益者;(3)政府进行河流两岸统一开发、水资源定价、税费征收与转移支付是城市河流生态修复环境价值的主要实现途径;(4)营造全社会参与河流保护氛围，并使公众理解城市河流环境价值，是价值实现的关键步骤。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Classification system for environmental value of urban river eco-restoration (EVURER) was established based on the analysis on connotation of environmental value of urban river，and methods for evaluation were summarized. The urban river eco-restoration scheme in Changning District of Shanghai was taken as a case to study the environmental value of river eco-restoration. The value was measured by using direct market method，replacement cost method，hedonic pricing method，and contingent valuation method，et al. According to the calculation results，the cause of lacking fund for urban river eco-restoration were analyzed and mechanism of realizing environmental value of urban river eco-restoration was preliminarily studied. The result shows that: ( 1 ) the environmental value of Changning District increases significantly after restoration with total amount that is equivalent to 1. 22% of GDP in this district in 2007，and the ratio of annual output to input is 14. 63; (2) the external economic effects of urban river eco-restoration are significant，while the residents and businesses along the river are the biggest beneficiaries; (3) drawing up river crossstrait development plan，setting a right price for water resources，collecting of taxes and fees，and then transfering payments to the funds for urban river eco-restoration are the effective ways to realize the environmental value of urban river eco-restoration; (4) the participation of all people in river protection and more people fully understand the meaning of environmental value of urban river ecorestoration are crucial to the realization of environmental value. |
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