| 刘怀湘,王兆印,余国安,陆永军.典型山区小流域河床结构分布研究[J].水利学报,2012,43(5): |
| 典型山区小流域河床结构分布研究 |
| Study on distribution of streambed structures in a typical mountain river basin |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 山区河流 河床结构 侵蚀下切 天然河流考察 |
| 英文关键词: mountain river streambed structures erosion and incision investigation in natural rivers |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文选取了长江上游支流吊噶河作为典型小流域，通过详尽的实地现场考察，对吊噶河流域中河床结构的发育分布规律及其影响进行了统计分析。结果表明，河床演变过程中水流与河床结构相互适应与调整，不断趋向于平衡状态。河床结构越强的河段，消耗水流能量越大，从而接近平衡时能维持的坡降也往往越大。如果河段中坡降过大而河床结构没有充分发育，则河段因此处于不平衡状态，床面将受到冲刷。历史上经历剧烈下切作用的河段如V型深沟段，常常因发育较强的河床结构，维持住了高坡降，从而形成山区河流纵剖面上常见的台阶状突起。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Streambed structures have developed in many mountain rivers as a result of fluvial morphology. They influence the further morphology process in some aspects such as channel stability enhancement. The Diaoga River was chosen as an example of a certain typical mountain river basin，and a field investigation was carried out in that river to study the distribution of streambed structures and their relationship with geomorphology. The results indicate that in the fluvial morphology process the flow and structures adjust with each other and approach the final equilibrium. The more intense streambed structure it is， the greater stream power in consumption and steeper channel slope can be maintained in equilibrium state. If the structures are not compatible with the flow，the status will be unbalanced and the river bed will be scoured. In some severe incised river sections such as V-shape valley， strong structures often developed and sustained high slope，resulting in steps in longitudinal profiles. |
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