| 陈明千,脱友才,李嘉,王庆国.鱼类产卵场水力生境指标体系初步研究[J].水利学报,2013,44(11): |
| 鱼类产卵场水力生境指标体系初步研究 |
| Preliminary study on index system describing hydraulic characteristics of fish spawning ground |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 产卵场 水力参数 指标体系 秩和检验 |
| 英文关键词: spawning ground hydraulic parameter index system rank-sum test |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 鱼类产卵场是鱼类栖息地中重要且敏感的场所，其独特的水力特性对鱼类繁殖过程具有重要的生态学意义。构建鱼类产卵场水力生境指标体系是准确、全面描述鱼类产卵场水力特性的基础。本文从流体力学的角度出发，将鱼类产卵场水力特性分为几何形态特征、水体运动学特征及水体动力学特征三个层面；结合各指标对鱼类产卵的生态学意义，提出包括水深、流速、流速梯度、涡量及动能梯度的指标层。以长江上游特有鱼类齐口裂腹鱼产卵场为例，进一步验证了各水力学指标的代表性，结果表明，齐口裂腹鱼产卵河段各水力学指标分布规律与非产卵河段有显著差异。在此基础上，构建了鱼类产卵场水力生境指标体系。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Spawning ground is an important and sensitive habitat to fish，and its unique hydraulic characteristics play a significant ecological role during fishes’breeding period. To describe the hydraulic characteristics of fish spawning ground thoroughly and accurately， an index system has been proposed in this paper. Firstly，hydraulic parameters of spawning grounds were divided as geometric characteristic variables，flow kinematic variables and dynamic variables from the view of hydrodynamics. Then according to the ecological significance of each parameter， the important variables such as depth， velocity， velocity gradient， vorticity and energy gradient were proposed to describe hydraulic characteristics of fish spawning ground. Furthermore， spawning ground of Schizothorax prenanti， an endemic fish in the upper reach of Yangtze River， was taken as an example to verify the representativeness of these parameters. The values of these hydraulic variables in the spawning and non-spawning reaches were calculated and compared respectively. The tested results show that there are significant differences between spawning reach and non-spawning reach in the hydraulic parameters distribution， and indicate that the index system composed of depth， velocity， velocity gradient，vorticity and energy gradient is reasonable and applicable. |
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