| 吴松柏,余明辉.冲积河流塌岸淤床交互作用过程与机理的试验研究[J].水利学报,2014,45(6): |
| 冲积河流塌岸淤床交互作用过程与机理的试验研究 |
| Experimental study on bank failure process and interaction with riverbed deformation due to fluvial hydraulic force |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 非黏性均质 黏性均质 塌岸淤床 交互影响 水槽试验 |
| 英文关键词: bank failure bed deformation interaction flume experiment hydraulic force |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 河岸崩塌是河道横向变形的重要表现形式，崩塌体作为陡增的泥沙源反作用于河床演变，进一步影响岸坡的二次崩塌。在弯道水槽中展开系列试验，研究水力作用下非黏性及黏性均质岸坡冲刷崩塌力学机理、塌岸淤床交互作用过程及其影响因素。试验表明，水流冲刷过程中岸坡破坏是水流淘刷岸坡坡脚、岸坡崩塌及崩塌体淤积坡脚，并在河床上分解、输移掺混中交互作用的反复循环过程。岸坡崩塌、崩塌体与河床发生掺混最剧烈处位于弯道出口水流顶冲点附近，非黏性岸坡崩塌更容易发生在水面附近较浅的地方，而黏性岸坡崩塌更倾向于在坡脚附近较深的地方发生。近岸流速及河床可动程度越大，岸坡总冲刷坍塌量也越大，对于非黏性土其岸坡崩塌体在河床上的总淤积量也越大。研究成果初步揭示了塌岸与河床冲淤的交互作用模式，为进一步深入的研究奠定了基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The paper presents a study on non-cohesive and cohesive homogenous bank failure processes，influence of bank failure mass on bank re-collapse as well as the interaction between bank failure and bed evolution through a series of experiments carried out in a 180° bend rectangular flume. The results reveal the iteration cycle between bank erosion and bed deformation； basal erosion due to fluvial hydraulic force，bank failure under the influence of gravity， failure block staying at bank toe temporarily or being remobilized by the flow，exchange between bank failure mass and bed material，bed-material load being reworked or transported either as bed load or as suspended load， and bed deformation. Same as bank failure， the mixing of bank failure mass and bed material is more serious near the curved flow apex. Moreover，non-co
hesive bank failure tends to occur near the water surface， while cohesive bank failure near the bank toe.For non-cohesive material， the bank erosion amount and residual amount of bank failure mass on the bed increase with the near-bank velocity or bed movability. But for cohesive material， only bank erosion amount obeys the above rule. In addition， the research indicates that the mechanism and patterns of bank collapse and interaction between bank failure and bed evolution， which could rovide a theoretical basis for further study. |
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