王延贵,匡尚富.冲积河流典型结构岸滩落崩临界淘刷宽度的研究[J].水利学报,2014,45(7): |
冲积河流典型结构岸滩落崩临界淘刷宽度的研究 |
Study on collapse mechanism and critical caving erosion width of falling failures in typical structure bank |
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DOI: |
中文关键词: 典型结构岸滩 岸脚淘刷 落崩 河岸稳定系数 临界淘刷宽度 |
英文关键词: typical structure bank bank base eroding falling failure stability coefficient critical caving erosion width |
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中文摘要: |
岸滩落崩是最重要的崩塌形式之一,为了探讨落崩发生的过程和临界条件,通过分析单一、二元、沙质壤土夹层三种典型结构岸滩发生落崩的本质,利用水沙运动理论、岸滩稳定理论和水槽淘刷试验,深入研究了落崩发生机理与崩塌过程,建立了简单岸坡剪切崩塌和旋转崩塌临界淘刷宽度公式,并为水槽模型沙岸滩淘刷试验资料所验证。岸脚淘刷致使岸滩上部块体处于临空状态,当淘刷宽度大于临界淘刷宽度后,落崩将会发生;落崩临界淘刷宽度主要取决于岸滩土壤特性、淘刷位置、边坡形态及河岸裂隙深度等,与河岸高度和强度系数成正比,与岸坡裂隙深度和岸坡坡度成反比。 |
英文摘要: |
Falling failure is one of the typical bank failures. In order to understand the collapse process and condition of the falling failures, through analyzing collapse characteristics of the falling failure for the three kinds of banks with the homogeneity,the dualistic structure and the sandy layer,the collapse mechanism and process of the falling failures are studied based on water and sediment movement principle,stability theory of bank and caving erosion experiment with flume. The critical caving erosion width (CCEW) formulas for the shear and toppling failures of simple slope bank were derived in this paper, which was tested using experimental data collected in laboratory with a great agreement. The caving erosion at the bottom of the bank will result in the upper part in the suspended state,and when the caving erosion width is larger than a certain value, the falling failures will occur. The CCEW is depended on soil property of bank,caving erosion position, slope bank form and the crack depth, and increases as the bank height and soil cohesion increase, and decreases as the crack depth on the bank surface and the slope angle of the bank increase. |
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