| 王虹,李昌志,程晓陶.流域城市化进程中雨洪综合管理量化关系分析[J].水利学报,2015,46(3): |
| 流域城市化进程中雨洪综合管理量化关系分析 |
| Quantitative analysis of stormwater management strategies in the process of watershed urbanization |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 城市水文 城市涝灾 雨洪管理 雨水调蓄 水文模型 |
| 英文关键词: urban hydrology pluvial floods stormwater management stormwater regulation hydrologic modeling |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 3527 |
| 全文下载次数: 335 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 针对城市化进程中流域尺度暴雨洪涝水文特征的变异及径流峰值与总量的增加，采用GIS技术划分子流域并应用数值模拟方法，对流域范围内不同蓄滞渗排与雨洪利用组合方案进行模拟分析及量化研究。研究结果显示，以流域为整体，实施雨洪综合调蓄管理措施明显优于传统的各子流域分散管理方式。以位于美国伊利诺伊州的黑莓溪流域为例，经过优化分析，流域尺度所需的雨洪蓄滞容积，较之于子流域分散蓄滞方式可减少24.7 %。在单纯流域蓄滞的基础上加之于源头与社区尺度的低影响开发（LID）与雨洪利用等新型综合管理措施，可将流域尺度的蓄滞容积减少60.3 %之多，有益于缓解城市雨洪管理中的蓄滞占用土地、耗资巨大和运行维护困难的结症。本文为流域尺度雨洪综合优化管理决策提供了新的规划评估思路与参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Utilizing GIS and hydrologic modeling techniques， this study analyzed various urban stormwater management strategies. Due to data limitation and availability in China， a typical watershed in the United States was chosen as a demonstration. The 185-square-kilometer watershed， located in the vicinity of the City of Chicago， Illinois， USA， has been experiencing urbanization in recent decades. Considering the land use pattern of 2005 as pre-development condition and projected land development of 2040 as post-development condition， a numeric model was constructed using HEC-HMS software， and hydrologic effects of urbanization were examined. Moreover，various urban stormwater management measures，such as detention，retention， infiltration， and rain water harvesting， were modeled both at sub-catchment scale and watershed scale； the quantitative relationships among the various measures were investigated at watershed scale. The outcomes demonstrate that the sustainable urban stormwater management integrated at watershed level can fully utilize the flood conveying and attenuating capacities of the watershed and urban water courses. As a result， the required detention/retention volume can be reduced significantly， the land use conflicts alleviated，and heavy financial burden lightened. As land scarcity being one of the major barriers to sustainable urban stormwater management in china， this study proposes a new method for planning and evaluating urban stormwater management systems which will create economic benefits and environmental advantages. |
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