文章摘要
陈俊贤,蒋任飞,陈艳.水库梯级开发的河流生态系统健康评价研究[J].水利学报,2015,46(3):
水库梯级开发的河流生态系统健康评价研究
Evaluation on the health of river ecosystem under the cascade development of reservoirs
  
DOI：
中文关键词: 梯级开发  生态系统  河流健康  指标体系  等级标准
英文关键词: cascade development  ecosystem  river health  evaluation system  grading standards
基金项目:
作者单位
陈俊贤 1. 河海大学水利水电工程学院，江苏南京210098；2. 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司，广东广州510610 
蒋任飞 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司，广东广州510610 
陈艳 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司，广东广州510610 
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中文摘要:
      借助生态学及生态系统健康评价理论，分析了河流生态系统健康影响因子，并构建了河流生态系统健康评价指标体系。通过辨析河流生态系统对水库梯级开发响应内涵，甄别了典型区浮游生物、底栖生物、鱼类对梯级开发的响应过程。之后选取典型河流和代表物种，借助关键物种的生活繁殖习性，通过数据分析并考虑地域性原则，确立出生态健康等级标准，并评价了典型区水库梯级开发的生态系统健康程度以及生态水文过程调控实施效果。结果表明，在水库梯级开发下，径流年内分配趋于均匀化，河流下游悬移质泥沙量减小；喜好浅水、急流的生物栖息地空间减小，该类鱼类资源呈下降趋势，鱼类物种多样性下降；部分河段水质超标。评估河段健康综合状况得分43.7分，健康状况“一般”。
英文摘要:
      With the theory of ecology and ecosystem health evaluation， this paper has analyzed the factors impacting the health of river ecosystem， built an evaluation system for the health of river ecosystem through analytic hierarchy， studied the connotation of river ecosystem responding to the cascade development of reservoirs， identified the response of typical plankton， benthos， fish to cascade development. According the living and breeding habits of key species in consideration of data analysis and regional principles，typical representatives of rivers and species were selected to establish the grading standards of ecological health and evaluate the health of ecosystem as well as the effect of eco-hydrology regulation under cascade development of typical reservoirs. The results show that，affected by the cascade development of reservoirs， the annual distribution of runoff tended to be balanced， with reduced amount of suspended sediment in downstream river； species fond of shallow water and rapids suffered decreased habitat space and a decline in its number， resulting in decreased diversity of fish species； and the quality of some river segments failed to meet the standard. A comprehensive score of 43.7 points goes to the health of assessed river. It indicates a "general" health status，which is consistent with the factual findings in recent years.
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