| 毛战坡,杨素珍,王亮,程东升.磷素在河流生态系统中滞留的研究进展[J].水利学报,2015,46(5): |
| 磷素在河流生态系统中滞留的研究进展 |
| Areview of phosphorus retention in river ecosystems |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 磷素 滞留 空间变化 河流生态系统 |
| 英文关键词: phosphorus retention spatial and temporal variability river ecosystems |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2786 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 氮磷等生源要素在河流生态系统中的滞留过程控制其输出形态和通量，进而影响河流生态系统结构和功能。流域面源、点源输出不同形态的磷素（溶解态、颗粒态，无机磷、有机磷等）在河流系统运移过程中，会发生复杂的物理、化学、生物过程，改变磷素形态、降低磷素运移通量。河道渠化、排污、修建水库等活动改变了河流系统中磷素循环过程和最终趋向，降低了源头溪流磷素滞留量，加剧下游河流、湖泊等水体富营养化进程。本文通过梳理国内外河流磷素滞留主要研究，系统总结物质平衡法、模型法、螺旋结构法等研究方法的优缺点，分析河流系统中磷素滞留机制和主要影响因素，认为流量、流速、藻类吸收、外源输入和暂时存储区域是磷素滞留最重要影响因子，可以通过恢复河流系统水文模式、恢复河道形态、维持河流生境多样化等措施促进河流磷素滞留，对于流域水污染控制和河流生态保护具有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Retention of nitrogen， phosphorus， and other elements in river ecosystem affects their output forms and fluxes， thereby affects river ecosystem structure and function. In river system， phosphorus is introduced with different forms from point and non-point sources. Due to complex physical，chemical and biological processes， the forms and discharge flux of phosphorus can be changed. River channelization， pollution discharge， reservoir building and other human activities have changed the transportation of phosphorus in the river system，and the retention of phosphorus in the headwaters has been greatly reduced. Accordingly， more phosphorus would transport downstream， which can aggravate eutrophication risk of inland water.In this article，the summary of research progress on phosphorus retention was made on the basis of generalizing and analyzing relevant study achievements. The authors summarized the advantages and disadvantages of current nutrient retention research methods， such as material balance method， model method and spiraling method. Numerous studies have shown that flow/velocity， algae absorption， exogenous inputs and temporary storage are the most important influencing factors for phosphorus retention. Restoring the hydrological cycle， river morphology， and maintaining river habitat diversification can promote the retention of phosphorus， and these countermeasures have important implications for pollution control and river ecosystem protection. |
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