文章摘要
王静,叶寅,王允青,王道中,吕国安,郭熙盛.利用氮氧同位素示踪技术解析巢湖支流店埠河硝酸盐污染源[J].水利学报,2017,48(10):1195-1205
利用氮氧同位素示踪技术解析巢湖支流店埠河硝酸盐污染源
Using δ15N and δ18O values to identify sources of nitrate in the Dianbu River in the Chaohu Lake Basin
投稿时间：2017-05-19  
DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20170478
中文关键词: 硝酸盐污染  氮氧同位素  SIAR模型  贡献率  店埠河
英文关键词: nitrate pollution  nitrogen and oxygen isotope  SIAR model  contribution rate  Dianbu River
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41401308）；国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2015ZX07204-007）；安徽省重点实验室绩效评价补助项目（1606c08231）；安徽省农业科学院院长青年创新基金项目（15b1006）
作者单位E-mail
王静 安徽省农业科学院 土壤肥料研究所, 安徽 合肥 230031
华中农业大学 资源与环境学院, 湖北 武汉 430070
安徽省养分循环与资源环境省级实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031 		 
叶寅 安徽省农业科学院 土壤肥料研究所, 安徽 合肥 230031
安徽省养分循环与资源环境省级实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031 		 
王允青 安徽省农业科学院 土壤肥料研究所, 安徽 合肥 230031
安徽省养分循环与资源环境省级实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031 		 
王道中 安徽省农业科学院 土壤肥料研究所, 安徽 合肥 230031
安徽省养分循环与资源环境省级实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031 		 
吕国安 华中农业大学 资源与环境学院, 湖北 武汉 430070  
郭熙盛 安徽省养分循环与资源环境省级实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031 gxssfiaa@126.com 
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中文摘要:
      本文利用氮氧同位素示踪技术解析了巢湖支流店埠河水体硝酸盐污染源的可能来源，并利用稳定同位素混合模型（Stable Isotope Analysis in R），定量评价了不同类型污染源在枯水期（2016年1月）和丰水期（2016年7月）对水体硝酸盐的贡献率。结果表明：①店埠河水体各形态氮浓度具有很强的时空变异性。上游区域水体总氮（TN）、硝态氮（NO3--N）在丰水期的平均浓度（4.87和2.73 mg/L）显著高于枯水期（3.09和1.17 mg/L），氨态氮（NH4+-N）平均浓度则是枯水期（1.10 mg/L）较丰水期（0.52 mg/L）高；中下游区域水体TN、NO3--N和NH4+-N在丰水期的平均浓度（6.62、3.23和1.57 mg/L）显著低于枯水期（10.52、4.26和3.66 mg/L）。水体无机氮主要以NO3--N形态存在，而污水则以NH4+-N为主。②δ15N-NO3-和δ18O-NO3-在丰水期的范围分别为1.98‰~9.12‰（平均值5.02‰）和5.11‰~11.86‰（平均值9.17‰），在枯水期的范围分别为3.89‰~9.35‰（平均值6.38‰）和1.46‰~7.53‰（平均值4.50‰），δ15N-NO3-值丰水期较枯水期低，而δ18O-NO3-值则是丰水期高于枯水期。粪肥污水、土壤有机氮以及化肥是店埠河水体NO3-的主要来源。③店埠河水体未经历明显的反硝化作用，SIAR模型计算表明，不同类型污染源对水体硝酸盐的贡献率分别为：大气沉降源7%~18%，土壤源24%~29%，化肥源18%~30%，粪肥污水源28%~48%。因此，根据河流流域空间布局，店埠河上游应重点控制面源污染输入的养殖废水、人畜粪便以及农业化肥，中下游则应重点防控城镇生活污水和工业废水，以有效降低入湖河流硝酸盐的污染负荷。
英文摘要:
      Since nitrate pollution in aquatic system has become an environmental problem in many regions of the world,it is of great importance to identify the sources of nitrate for pollution control. To identify dif-ferent NO3-sources in surface water and to estimate their proportional contribution to nitrate mixture,a du-al isotope approach (δ15N-NO3-and δ18O-NO3-) and a Bayesian model (Stable Isotope Analysis in R, SIAR) were applied for the water of Dianbu River, a tributary of Chaohu Lake, during the period of dry season (January 2016) and flood season (July, 2016). Four potential sources (NO3-atmospheric deposi-tion,AD;NO3-derived from soil organic matter nitrification,NS;NO3-derived from chemical fertilizer ni-trification NF; NO3-and manure and sewage, M&S) were identified. The results indicate that the different nitrogen fractions in the water possess significant spatial-temporal variability. The average concentrations of total nitrogen(TN) and NO3--N in the up-stream water during the flood season were 4.87 mg/L and 2.73 mg/L respectively,higher than those(3.09 and 1.17 mg/L) during the dry season,while NH4+-N concentra-tions during the dry season were higher than that during the flood season. TN,NO3--N and NH4+-N concen-trations at middle-lower reaches during the flood season were 6.62,3.23 and 1.57 mg/L respectively,signif-icantly lower than those(10.52,4.26 and 3.66 mg/L)during the dry season. Nitrate is the dominant form of inorganic nitrogen, while the ammonium in sewage. The δ15N -NO3-values of water ranged from 3.89‰ to 9.35‰ (with a mean value of 6.38‰) during the dry season, which were higher than those during the flood reason (in the range of 1.98‰-9.12‰,with a mean value of 5.02‰);however,the δ18O values of NO3-during the flood season (in the range of 5.11‰ -11.86‰, with a mean value of 9.17‰) were lower than those during the dry season (in the range of 1.46‰ -7.53‰, with a mean value of 4.50‰). Manure and sewage,soil N and chemical fertilizer might be the main NO3-polluted sources to the water of Dianbu River. Both chemical and isotope characteristic indicate that denitrification is not the main N cycling pro-cess in the study area. Using SIAR, the contribution of each source is apportioned. The source apportion-ment results showed that the contribution of AD, NS, NF and M&S were 7%-18%, 24%-29%, 18%-30% and 28%-48% respectively. Therefore, it will be more effective to reduce the nitrate pollutant loads of the river to lake by control the agricultural non-point source pollution input at the up-stream of Dianbu River,and the strictly prohibited discharge of domestic sewage from towns,as well as the industri-al waste water according to the watershed spatial distribution.
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