| 宋健,李江,杨奇鹤,毛晓敏,杨健,王凯.基于AquaCrop和NSGA-Ⅱ的灌溉制度多目标优化及其应用[J].水利学报,2018,49(10):1284-1295 |
| 基于AquaCrop和NSGA-Ⅱ的灌溉制度多目标优化及其应用 |
| Multi-objective optimization and its application on irrigation scheduling based on AquaCrop and NSGA-Ⅱ |
| 投稿时间：2018-03-10 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20180208 |
| 中文关键词: AquaCrop NSGA-Ⅱ 灌溉制度优化 覆膜 模拟-优化 |
| 英文关键词: AquaCrop NSGA-II optimization of irrigation scheduling film mulching simulation-optimization |
| 基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划项目（2016YFC040106-3）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51679234） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了有助于在干旱区非充分灌水条件下制定合理的灌溉制度，构建了基于作物生长模型（AquaCrop）及多目标遗传算法（NSGA-Ⅱ）的灌溉制度多目标模拟-优化模型。利用甘肃石羊河绿洲2014—2015年不同灌水和覆膜处理下的春小麦田间试验数据对AquaCrop模型进行了率定与验证，并采用历史气象数据（1963—2016年）通过优化适线法确定了降水量保证率为25%、50%、75%的不同典型年，以最大产量及最小灌水量为目标对模型进行求解，得到了不同条件下灌水量与产量之间的关系曲线，分析了覆膜对于优化结果的影响，并分别对农户与农场两种类型的生产者进行了决策分析。结果表明：（1）作物的边际产量随着灌水总量的增加而减小，优化灌溉制度后的作物水分生产函数可以表示为二次函数。（2）覆膜的增产效应随着灌水量的增加而减小。（3）灌水次数对不覆膜条件下的产量影响较大，因此总灌水量小时应选择灌水次数少的灌溉制度，而总灌水量较大时，可采用灌水次数多的灌溉制度。（4）对不同的决策者采用不同的功效系数可以实现多样化的灌溉决策。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to develop reasonable deficit irrigation schedules in arid area, a multi-objective simulation-optimization model, which is based on crop growth model (AquaCrop) and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-Ⅱ),for irrigation scheduling was proposed and applied on the optimization and decision-making of irrigation scheduling. Two years'(2014-2015) field experimental data of spring wheat under various irrigation-mulching treatments in the oasis of Shiyang River basin, Gansu Province were used to calibrate and validate the AquaCrop model. The typical years of 25%,50% and 75% precipitation assurance were determined by optimum curve-fitting method according to the historical meteorological data (1963-2016). Taking maximum crop yield and minimum irrigation as the objectives,the relationship curves between irrigation amount and crop yield were solved under different conditions. The influence of film mulching on the optimized results was analyzed, and the decision-making for both farmers and farm corporations were made. The results show that:(1) The marginal yield of crops would decrease with the increase of irrigation amount. The crop water production function after optimization of irrigation scheduling could be fitted by quadratic function. (2) With the increase of irrigation amount, the enhancing effect of film mulching on crop yield would decrease. (3) Under the condition of non-mulching, less irrigation times would be preferred under the low irrigation amount and more irrigation times would be preferred under the high irrigation amount. (4) Various irrigation scheduling decisions could be achieved by using different effective functions for decision-makers. |
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