| 郭生练,熊丰,王俊,钟逸轩,田晶,尹家波.三峡水库运行期设计洪水及汛控水位初探[J].水利学报,2019,50(11):1311-1317,1325 |
| 三峡水库运行期设计洪水及汛控水位初探 |
| Preliminary exploration of design flood and control water level of Three Gorges Reservoir in operation period |
| 投稿时间：2019-06-27 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20190459 |
| 中文关键词: 三峡水库 运行期 设计洪水 洪水地区组成 汛限水位 汛控水位 |
| 英文关键词: three gorges reservoir operation period design flood most likely regional composition flood limited water level flood control water level |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51879192）；国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1508001） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 考虑长江上游水库群调蓄对三峡水库设计洪水的影响，采用最可能组成法和典型年法推求干支流控制站洪水的地区组成，构建多输入单输出（MISO）系统模型模拟向家坝至三峡水库未控区间的洪水过程，研究探讨三峡水库运行期设计洪水及汛期防洪控制水位（汛控水位）。结果表明：长江上游干支流梯级水库的调蓄作用对三峡水库设计洪水影响显著；三峡运行期千年一遇设计洪峰流量为81 136 m3/s，3、7、15和30 d洪量分别为188.2、386.3、727.4和1320.9亿m3，相比建设期设计值分别削减了18.2%、23.8%、20.6%、20.2%和16.9%；在不降低防洪标准的前提下，三峡水库运行期汛控水位（155 m）比建设期汛限水位（145 m）抬高了10 m，这不仅有利于库区航运、维护库岸稳定、保护消落区生态环境，还可增发电量、减少蓄水期对洞庭湖和鄱阳湖的影响，经济社会和生态环境效益巨大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Considering the impact of joint operation of reservoir group in the upper Yangtze River basin on Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), the most likely regional composition and typical-year methods were adopted to derive the flood regional composition for each control hydrological station. The multi-inputs single-output (MISO) model was used to simulate the flood process between Xiangjiaba and TGR uncontrolled inter-basin. The design floods as well as the flood control water level of TGR during operation period are derived and analyzed. It is shown that:(1) the design floods of downstream reservoirs are significantly influenced by the operation of upstream reservoirs, particularly the cascade reservoirs in Jinsha River;(2) The 1000-year design peak discharge, 3d, 7d, 15d and 30d flood volumes of TGR are 81136m3/s, 18.8, 38.6,72.7,132.1 billion m3,decreasing by 18.2%,23.8%,20.6%,20.2% and 16.9%,respectively;(3) the flood control (limited) water levels of TGR are 155(145) m without reducing the original flood prevention standards. The high flood control water level during TGR operation period can not only benefit navigation in the reservoir, sustain reservoir bank stability, and protect eco-environment of reservoir riparian zone, but also can increase hydropower generation, reduce the impact on downstream Dongting and Poyang Lakes during reservoir refill operation period,which has great social-economic and eco-environment benefits. |
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