| 舒安平,王梦瑶,秦际平,王澍,朱福杨.渤海湾典型人工鱼礁区域流场分布与海床泥沙起动特征[J].水利学报,2020,51(10):1223-1233 |
| 渤海湾典型人工鱼礁区域流场分布与海床泥沙起动特征 |
| The characteristics for flow field distribution and sediment incipient movement around the typical artificial reefs area in Bohai Bay |
| 投稿时间：2020-03-12 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20200147 |
| 中文关键词: 人工鱼礁 PIV测试技术 流动分布 海床泥沙起动 |
| 英文关键词: artificial reef particle image velocimetry measurement flow field distribution sediment incipient movement |
| 基金项目:国家研发计划项目（2018YFC1406400）；国家基金委与广东联合重点基金项目“（U1901212） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 由于我国渤海湾近海环境的不同程度污染及渔业资源的过度捕捞，人工鱼礁的建设作为改善海洋生态环境、增加渔业产量的重要措施已受到了日益受到重视。本文以渤海湾辽东湾区觉华岛近海人工鱼礁区域为研究对象，通过实施9组室内水槽模拟实验，采用PIV测试技术，重点研究了不同流速及鱼礁间距条件下人工鱼礁区域上升流、背涡流及海床泥沙临界起动切应力的变化特点。结果表明：随着流速增加，在相同人工鱼礁群间距条件下上升流特征值均呈现增加趋势，背涡流特征值变化不大；在同一流速下，不同间距的人工鱼礁群上升流在扩大25%间距时各项特征值达到最大；首个分礁群后背涡流特征值随间距增加而有增大趋势，最大面积也出现在扩大25%间距鱼礁区域；另一方面，通过对比分析人工鱼礁投放前、后泥沙临界起动切应力变化特点，表明在投放人工鱼礁后，各个单体礁前后区域较未投放人工鱼礁群前海床泥沙更容易起动；对于相邻的单体礁，沿水流方向的前一个礁体前后的泥沙较后部礁体前后的泥沙更易起动。本项研究成果对渤海湾觉华岛等近海人工鱼礁优化布局与投放操作流程和渔业资源增产增收具有重要指导意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the environmental pollution and overfishing of fisheries resources in the Bohai Bay of China, the construction of artificial reefs has recently attracted widespread attention as an important measure to improve the marine ecological environment and increase fishery production. In this paper, the artificial reefs area off Juehua Island in the Bohai Bay is used as the research object. Through the PIV testing method, 9 sets of indoor water tank simulation experiments have been implemented, to mainly study the upwelling and dorsal vortices in the artificial reefs area under different flow rates and reef spacing conditions, and the change patterns of the starting shear stress of seabed sediment incipient motion. It has been shown that as the flow velocity increases, each characteristic value of the upwelling increases while artificial reefs at the same distance and the characteristic value of the back vortex did not change much; At the same flow velocity, the geometrical characteristic of the upwelling flows for the artificial reefs gets the maximum value while the distance between artificial reefs is amplified 25 percent. The geometrical characteristic of the back vortex for artificial-reefs-A increased as the distance increases, while the maximum area shows the sequence as the same above. On the other hand, by comparing and analyzing the characteristics of the sediment starting shear stress whether the artificial reefs are replaced, the forepart of artificial reefs and the inner part of artificial-reef areas' sediments are not easier to start incipient motion when the artificial reefs are placed. The adjacent monomer artificial reef and the back of the artificial-reefs areas' sediments are easier to start incipient motion. The results have significance guiding for the optimization and the deployment process of artificial reefs,and the increase of fishery resources in the coast of the Bohai Bay. |
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