| 张金良,李岩,白玉川,徐海珏,罗秋实,黄哲.黄河下游花园口-高村河段泥沙时空分布及地貌演变[J].水利学报,2021,52(7):759-769 |
| 黄河下游花园口-高村河段泥沙时空分布及地貌演变 |
| Sediment temporal-spatial distribution and geomorphological evolution in the Huayuankou-Gaocun reach in the lower Yellow River |
| 投稿时间：2020-09-08 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20200707 |
| 中文关键词: 黄河下游 游荡河段 泥沙分布 地形演变 滩区再造 |
| 英文关键词: lower Yellow River braided reach sediment distribution morphology evolution floodplain reconstruction |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0402503）；国家自然科学基金项目（51979185） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 小浪底水库投入运行以后，黄河下游河道地貌发生巨大变化，滩区治理面临土地保护与开发利用之间的矛盾。本文基于地形空间插值与实测资料研究了花园口-高村宽滩游荡型河段在2000—2017年间的泥沙分布特征及滩区地貌演变情况，并提出滩区改造方案。研究发现，由于小浪底水库拦沙作用，长期低含沙水流下泄导致河床形态调整加剧，主槽冲刷明显，洪水漫滩几率降低；下游河道生产堤及控导工程的修建，加上土地开发利用及其他人为活动影响，滩区逐渐从沉积模式转为侵蚀模式；花园口-高村河段在2000—2017年累计侵蚀11.373亿m3，其中滩地侵蚀约2.145亿m3。为了沿黄经济带发展与滩区生态建设，有必要采用机械放淤、填方再造等手段对下游滩区进行分区改造，优化土地资源利用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The sediment entering the lower Yellow River has been dramatically reduced, and the geomorphology has changed greatly during the operation of the Xiaolangdi (XLD) reservoir since 2000. However, the floodplain currently faces competition between land development and protection. This research presents a detailed investigation of the sediment temporal-spatial distribution and geomorphological evolution of the braided reach between Huayuankou (HYK) and Gaocun (GC) during 2000-2017, using digital elevation models (DEMs) and the historical bathymetry of the braided reach. During the implementation of the water-sediment regulation scheme (WSRS), the long-term low-concentration flow released from XLD leads to a fully scoured long channel, and effectively reduce the risk of floods on floodplains. However, the floodplains have gradually changed from sedimentation to erosion due to the continual construction of farm dykes and control works, land use changes and other forms of land disturbance, including water and soil conservation measures and climate change. The cumulative eroded volume was approximately 1137.3×106 m3 between HYK and GC from 2000-2017, of which 214.5×106 m3 originated from the floodplains. It is necessary to reconstruct the floodplain domain into different regions via mechanical dredging and other measures, and optimize the use of land resources. |
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