| 卢诗卉,赵红莉,蒋云钟,郝震,张象明,陈根发.基于多源遥感数据和水量平衡原理的灌溉用水量分析[J].水利学报,2021,52(9):1126-1135 |
| 基于多源遥感数据和水量平衡原理的灌溉用水量分析 |
| Analysis of irrigation water based on multi-source remote sensing data and water balance principle |
| 投稿时间：2021-03-22 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20210275 |
| 中文关键词: 重力卫星 遥感蒸散发 水量平衡 灌溉用水量 耗水量 |
| 英文关键词: gravity satellite remote sensing evapotranspiration water balance irrigation water consumption water consumption |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC047705）；中国水利水电科学研究院科研专项（WR0145B012017，WR0145B272016） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 农业灌溉水量估算和区域农业用水的校核是用水统计、监管的难点。现行基于典型调查和定额推算的方法依赖统计人员经验，易受人为因素干扰，准确性难以控制；采用基于水量平衡的灌溉用水推算方法时，区域蓄水变量和耗水量等要素仅依靠传统地面监测条件难以获取。遥感技术能够解决水量平衡方程中区域蓄水变量和蒸散发的估算问题，可以提高水量平衡方法在计算灌溉用水中应用的可行性，但大多数遥感产品存在区域适用性和精度的问题，需要将多种产品结合，通过相互校验和组合控制误差；此外，遥感产品与水量平衡要素之间还存在一定程度的概念差异，需要进行匹配与转换。本文构建了一种基于多源遥感数据和水量平衡原理的灌溉用水分析方法，利用区域水量平衡方程检验多源遥感数据的一致性和可靠性，建立遥感数据与水量平衡要素的对应关系，选取合理的区域蒸散发数据，再利用田间水量平衡将总蒸散发分解为降水蒸散发和灌溉蒸散发，推算得到灌溉耗水量和灌溉用水量的合理范围。应用本文提出的方法进行山东省济南市2012—2015年灌溉用水分析，并与济南市水资源公报统计的农业用水进行对比，结果表明：在降水量接近多年平均的2012、2013、2015年，二者结果较为接近；在干旱的2014年，本文的分析结果与公报结果相差较大。结合同期农田作物长势、区域地下水位变化分析，认为该年份存在较大的灌溉用水，本文结果比较合理。本文方法可为校核区域灌溉用水统计数据的合理性提供技术支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The estimation of agricultural irrigation water quantity and the check of regional agricultural water consumption are the difficulties of water consumption statistics and supervision. The current method based on typical investigation and quota calculation relies on the experience of statisticians, which is easily interfered by human factors and its accuracy is difficult to control; When the calculation method of irrigation water based on water balance is adopted, it is difficult to obtain the regional water storage variables and water consumption only depending on the traditional ground monitoring conditions. Remote sensing technology can solve the estimation problem of regional water storage variables and evapotranspiration in water balance equation,and improve the feasibility of water balance method in calculating irrigation water. However, most remote sensing products have the problems of regional applicability and accuracy, so it is necessary to combine a variety of products to control the error through mutual verification and combination. In addition, there are some conceptual differences between remote sensing products and water balance elements, which need to be matched and transformed. In this paper, an irrigation water analysis method based on multi-source remote sensing data and water balance principle is constructed. The consistency and reliability of multi-source remote sensing data are tested by using regional water balance equation, the corresponding relationship between remote sensing data and water balance elements is established, and the reasonable regional evapotranspiration data is selected, Then the total evapotranspiration was decomposed into precipitation evapotranspiration and irrigation evapotranspiration by using field water balance, and the reasonable range of irrigation water consumption and irrigation water consumption was calculated. The method proposed in this paper was applied to analyze the irrigation water use in Jinan City of Shandong Province from 2012 to 2015, and compared with the agricultural water use statistics in Jinan water resources bulletin. It was found that the results of the two were close in 2012, 2013 and 2015 when the precipitation was close to the average for many years; In 2014,the analysis results of this paper are quite different from those of the bulletin. Combined with the analysis of crop growth and regional groundwater level changes in the same period, it is considered that there is a large amount of irrigation water in this year, and the results are reasonable. This method can provide technical support for checking the rationality of regional irrigation water statistics. |
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