| 姚仰平,孙国超,王乃东,段志刚.双向“锅盖效应”诱发戈壁荒漠长草机制分析[J].水利学报,2023,54(11):1371-1379 |
| 双向“锅盖效应”诱发戈壁荒漠长草机制分析 |
| Mechanism analysis of grass growing in Gobi Desert induced by two-way “pot cover effect” |
| 投稿时间：2023-04-26 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20230387 |
| 中文关键词: 光伏电站 野草 双向“锅盖效应” 温度变化 水分变化 |
| 英文关键词: photovoltaic power station wild grass two-way "pot cover effect" temperature variation water variation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51979001，52238007） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 我国西北荒漠戈壁滩是气候干旱的不毛之地。然而，塔拉滩光伏电站建成后，场区内却出现了大面积长草的现象。本文探讨了光伏电站中野草生长的可能水分来源。从定性的角度初步探究了双向“锅盖效应”的诱发机理。通过对比光伏板区与非光伏板区分析了浅层土壤3个测点、大气的温度和水分变化规律，以及对双向“锅盖效应”的年循环和日循环水分变化规律进行简单的定量分析。结果表明光伏发电板组件及地表硬化覆盖层综合因素诱发了双向“锅盖效应”；在夏季光伏板可显著降低土壤表层温度；冬、春季以正向“锅盖效应”为主，是维持浅层土壤野草存活的主要水分供给，年循环水分提升幅度约11%~20%；而夏、初秋季以反向“锅盖效应”为主，保证了野草每日水分需求变化在小范围内波动。本文的相关研究也可为荒漠治沙提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Gobi Desert in Northwest China is a barren land with an arid climate.However, after the completion of the Taratan photovoltaic power station, there is a phenomenon of grass growing in a large area.In this paper, we explore the possible sources of weed growth in PV power station.The induced mechanism of two-way "pot cover effect" was initially investigated from a qualitative perspective.The temperature and moisture patterns of the shallow soil at three measurement points and the atmosphere were analyzed by comparing the PV panel area with the non-PV panel area, and a simple quantitative analysis of the annual and daily cycle moisture patterns of the two-way "pot cover effect" was conducted.The results show that the combined factors of PV panels and hardened ground cover induce two-way "pot cover effect".The PV panels can significantly reduce the surface temperature of soil in summer.The positive "pot cover effect" is dominant in winter and spring, which is the main moisture supply to maintain the survival of weeds in the shallow soil layer, and the annual circulating water increases by about 11%~20%.However, the reverse "pot cover effect" is dominant in summer and early autumn, which ensures that the daily moisture demand of weeds fluctuates within a small range.The relevant research in this paper can also provide reference for desert sand control. |
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