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| 三峡水库运行引起的三口入湖流量变化对洞庭湖水位的影响研究 |
| Impact of the Three Gorges Reservoir-induced changes of inflow into the three outlets on the water level of Dongting Lake |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-06 修订日期：2025-07-31 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 三峡水库 荆江三口 洞庭湖 水位 流量过程重构 |
| 英文关键词: Three Gorges Reservoir three outlets Dongting Lake water level discharge reconstruction |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目(52239003) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 长江干流荆江段三口（松滋口、太平口和藕池口）是联系长江与洞庭湖的重要通道。三峡水库运行后，长江通过三口汇入洞庭湖的流量发生了明显改变，进而影响了洞庭湖。然而，三口入湖流量变化在多大程度上影响了洞庭湖不同湖区的水位，目前并不完全明晰。鉴于此，本文联合水文模型与统计模型，创新性地重构了假设三峡水库不存在条件下的三口入湖流量，并进一步量化了三口入湖流量变化对洞庭湖不同湖区水位的影响。结果表明：（1）在1?6月和12月，三峡水库补水使得三口入湖流量有所增加，其中5?6月增加最多，超过340 m3/s。相反，在7?11月，三峡水库调蓄使得三口入湖流量有所减少，其中9?10月减少最多，超过830 m3/s。（2）三峡水库补水引起的三口入湖流量增加使得西洞庭湖水位有所上升，但上升幅度有限。其中，仅在5?6月，水位上升接近0.1 m，而在其余月份，水位上升仅约0.05 m。另外，三峡水库调蓄引起的三口入湖流量减少使得西洞庭湖7?11月的水位有所下降。其中，9?10月水位下降明显，特别是9月，水位下降约0.2 m。（3）对于距离三口较远的南洞庭湖和东洞庭湖，三口入湖流量变化仅在9?10月对水位有较为明显的影响，而在其余月份的影响极小，可以忽略不计。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The three outlets along the Jingjiang reach of the Yangtze River—Songzi, Taiping, and Ouchi—serve as crucial channels connecting the Yangtze River and Dongting Lake (DTL). Since the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), the inflow from the three outlets into the lake has changed significantly, thereby affecting DTL’s hydrological conditions. However, the extent to which these changes influence lake water levels remains unclear. This study combines hydrological and statistical models to reconstruct the inflow from the three outlets under a hypothetical scenario without TGR and to quantify its impact on water levels across DTL. Results show that: (1) TGR releases increased inflow during January?June and December, with a peak rise of over 340 m3/s in May?June; regulation reduced inflow from July to November, with the greatest drop—over 830 m3/s—occurring in September?October. (2) The increased inflow slightly raised water levels in West DTL, by nearly 0.1 m in May?June and about 0.05 m in other months. Conversely, reduced inflow caused declines from July to November, with a notable drop of about 0.2 m in September. (3) In South and East DTL, inflow changes had a noticeable effect only in September?October and were negligible in other months. This study enhances understanding of the hydrological impacts of TGR on the three outlets and DTL and provides a scientific reference for water resource management in DTL. |
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