| 付辉,郭新蕾,潘佳佳,脱有才,徐恒晖.南水北调中线工程典型建筑物冬季失温精细观测[J].水利学报,2025,56(4):511-518 |
| 南水北调中线工程典型建筑物冬季失温精细观测 |
| High-resolution water temperature observation of typical structures in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-14 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20240531 |
| 中文关键词: 南水北调中线工程 水温 明渠 倒虹吸 渡槽 隧洞 |
| 英文关键词: the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project water temperature open channel inverted siphon aqueduct tunnel |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFC3202500）；流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室自由探索课题（SKL2024YJTS09）；中国水科院科研专项（HY0145B032021） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 南水北调中线工程由南至北输水，跨越8个纬度，在冬季会历经明流输水、流冰输水和冰盖下输水等复杂的冰水相变过程及多种运行工况。为保证运行安全，中线工程冬季输水流量仅为设计流量的31%~47%，极大限制了工程效益的发挥。水温是冰水相变过程的控制因素，也是冰期调度的核心，因此厘清中线工程各渠系建筑物的失温特性是提升冬季输水能力的关键环节。本文以南水北调中线干渠京石段为研究对象，精细测量了典型倒虹吸、渡槽、明渠和隧洞等4种渠系建筑物的失温情况，对比分析了不同渠系建筑物的失温速率，明确了倒虹吸保温、隧洞升温，明渠和倒虹吸失温的差异。研究成果可为南水北调中线工程或类似调水工程水温预报模型的精度提升及冬季调度运行提供支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project spans eight latitudes and transports water from south to north. The significant differences of the latitude，the meteorological conditions of freezing and thawing， and the complex composition of canal structures leads to complex water diversion processes，such as open flow，ice flow and ice covered flow in winter.In order to ensure the safe operation，the flow discharge of the Middle Route Project is only 31%-47% of the design flow in winter，which seriously limits the benefit of the project. The water temperature controls ice processes. Therefore，clarifying the temperature loss characteristics of the Middle Route of South-toNorth Water Diversion Project is important to improve the water delivery capacity in winter. The Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project is composed of inverted siphon，aqueduct，open channel，tunnel and other canal structures. Due to the influence of boundary conditions，the temperature loss characteristics are significantly different. Especially，some canal structures are notably short in length，and the high precision measurement of water temperature is required. So the water temperature loss characteristics of each canal structure are unclear. The prototype measurement was carried out from Beijing to Shijiazhuang Section with high risk of ice jam. The temperature loss of four types of canal structures，including inverted siphon，aqueduct，open channel and tunnel，was measured. The temperature loss rate of different canal structures was compared and analyzed. The research results can improve the accuracy of water temperature prediction models for the South to North Water Diversion Project or similar water transfer projects. |
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