| 刘礼锦,脱友才,邓云,康静伟,张旭.南水北调中线工程源头水库冬季输热潜力分析[J].水利学报,2025,56(5):672-682 |
| 南水北调中线工程源头水库冬季输热潜力分析 |
| Analysis of the winter thermal transfer potential in the source reservoirs of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-04 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20240784 |
| 中文关键词: 丹江口水库 南水北调中线工程 热量输移 输热潜力 输水能力 |
| 英文关键词: Danjiangkou Reservoir Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project thermal energy transfer heat transfer potential water transfer capacity |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFC3202500） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 丹江口水库是南水北调中线工程的源头水库，其热状态演变特性及冬季对中线干渠的输热能力是研究提升中线干渠冬季输水能力方案中亟需探索的关键问题之一。本文通过分析2006—2022年库周水文站的水温监测数据，研究了大坝加高前后水库的热状态特征变化，初步厘清了水库热量输移轨迹，并探讨了水库冬季对中线干渠的输热潜力。研究表明：（1）丹江口水库为分层型水库，大坝加高后分层效应加重，坝前垂向温差范围自0.3~4.9℃扩大至0.2~12.0℃，滞温蓄热能力增强，春夏季对下游河道的低温水影响最大加剧8.0℃，冬季渠首取水温度最大提升2.1℃。（2）水库大坝加高后，陶岔渠首冬季取水温度与多个影响要素的响应关系改变：①取水温度同气温的相关性系数由0.85降至0.78；②冬季取水温度变化趋势在2013年后产生突变，M-K趋势性检验指标tau值由-0.11转变为0.16，在保持高水位运行下，有逐步上升的趋势；③冬季取水温度同流量较大的汉江入库水温的相位偏差角基本为0°，二者更加相关。（3）冬季可通过抬高运行水位或加大渠首取水流量，利用温度分布的空间差异及热量输移轨迹，补充渠首区域热量，有利于挖掘水库对中线干渠的输热潜力。研究结果可为南水北调中线工程冬季输水能力提升方案的制定提供技术支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Danjiangkou Reservoir，serving as the source reservoir for the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project，its thermal regime evolution characteristics and winter heat transfer capacity to the main canal are recognized as critical issues requiring exploration in research on enhancing winter water conveyance capacity. This study analyzed monitored water temperature data（2006-2022）from surrounding hydrological stations to reveal thermal characteristic variations before and after dam heightening，preliminarily clarify heat transport pathways，and investigate the reservoir's winter heat transfer potential to the main canal. The results indicate that：（1） The Danjiangkou Reservoir is a stratified reservoir，and the stratification effect intensified after the dam was raised. The vertical temperature difference near the dam increased from 0.3-4.9 ℃ to 0.2-12.0 ℃，enhancing the reservoir's heat retention capacity. Consequently，the spring-summer cold-water effect on downstream reaches has been exacerbated by up to 8.0 ℃，while the winter intake temperature at the headwork has been raised by as much as 2.1 ℃.（2） After the dam heightening，the winter intake temperature at the Taocha headwork showed altered responses to multiple influencing factors：（i）its correlation coefficient with air temperature decreased from 0.85 to 0.78；（ii）an abrupt shift in winter intake temperature was observed after 2013，with the Mann-Kendall trend test index（tau） changing from -0.11 to 0.16，indicating a gradual upward trend under high water-level operation；（iii）the phase deviation angle between winter intake temperature and the inflow temperature from the Han River（with relatively large discharge）was essentially 0°，demonstrating increased coherence.（3）During winter operation，raising the reservoir level or increasing the flow withdrawal at the headwork can leverage spatial variations in temperature distribu tion and heat transfer trajectories to supply additional heat to the headwork region，thereby further tapping the reservoir's potential for heat delivery to the Middle Route. These findings offer technical support for formulating measures to enhance the winter water conveyance capacity of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. |
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