| 于洋,韩宇,李栋楠,赵建世.澜沧江-湄公河流域跨境水量-水能-生态互馈关系模拟[J].水利学报,2017,48(6):720-729 |
| 澜沧江-湄公河流域跨境水量-水能-生态互馈关系模拟 |
| Simulation of transboundary water-hydropower-ecology nexus in Lancang-Mekong Basin |
| 投稿时间：2016-10-10 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20161052 |
| 中文关键词: 澜沧江-湄公河 农业供水量 水能 模拟 |
| 英文关键词: Lancang-Mekong River agricultural water supply hydropower simulation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51579129，51509248）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项（2015QC025） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2055 |
| 全文下载次数: 1939 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 澜沧江-湄公河是亚洲的重要国际河流，其水量-水能-生态之间的相互作用关系是流域各国进行利益博弈的重要基础。本文选取上游澜沧江距离出境断面最近（对下游影响最大）的3座水电站年发电量代表水能要素，定义了生态改变系数代表河流生态水文要素，另外用灌溉引水集中的流域下游5国农业用水代表水量要素，通过GAMS建模优化发电调度和生态流量、通过WEAP模型模拟下游5国农业供水量，进而进行水量-水能-生态互馈关系的分析。结果表明，水能与生态之间存在显著的竞争关系，与下游国家总体的农业供水量呈协同关系。在不同的取水情景下，各国的水量-水能-生态互馈关系呈现一定差异，主要表现在农业供水量受水库发电量的影响程度不同，且中国水库适当提高发电量有利于下游国家的农业灌溉，但对生态流量有不利影响，需对流域调控作进一步研究。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Lancang-Mekong River is an important international river in Asia, the interactions of its water-hydropower-ecology is a significant basis for the negotiations of riparian countries. This paper selects the annual power production of three hydropower stations on the Lancang River, which are located in the nearest to the boundary (i.e., the largest impact to downstream), to represent hydropower aspect. The defined ecological alteration coefficients are selected to represent hydrological aspect, while five downstream countries' agricultural water withdrawal from the mainstream are chosen as the representation of water supply aspect. In addition, hydropower generation and environmental flow are optimized by applying a GAMS model,as well as the downstream agricultural water withdrawal is simulated by employing the WEAP model. Thus,water-hydropower-ecology nexus among the five downstream countries is conducted. It is concluded that hydropower is competing with environmental flow but coordinating with agricultural water supply. Some differences are found among the interactions of water-hydropower-ecology nexus under different water withdrawal scenarios. Agricultural water supply is influenced by hydropower generation by different degree in different scenarios, and increasing hydropower generation in China has positive effects on the irrigation of downstream countries but negative impacts on environmental flow. Thus,basin scale regulation is needed. |
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