| 潘佳佳,HungTaoShen,郭新蕾.河流水冰沙耦合模型研究Ⅱ：验证与应用[J].水利学报,2021,52(7):841-849,861 |
| 河流水冰沙耦合模型研究Ⅱ：验证与应用 |
| A two-dimensional flow-ice-sediment coupled model for rivers Ⅱ: validation and application |
| 投稿时间：2020-10-15 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20200843 |
| 中文关键词: 河冰运动 岸滩侵蚀 水冰沙耦合 泥沙休止角 北方河流 |
| 英文关键词: ice movement riverbank erosion flow-ice-sediment coupling repose angle northern rivers |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1508403）；国家自然科学基金项目（51979291，52009144）；中国水科院科研专项（HY0145B642017，HY0145B912017） |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 潘佳佳 | 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室, 中国水利水电科学研究院, 北京 100038
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5710 | | HungTaoShen | Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5710 | | 郭新蕾 | 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室, 中国水利水电科学研究院, 北京 100038 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 北方河流冬季河冰运动会带来凌汛灾害威胁，研究流凌运动对水流、泥沙和河道的影响具有重要工程意义。本文在平面二维河冰动力学模型基础上，建立二维水冰沙耦合数值模型。基于三角形的非结构网格，采用具有迎风特性的Petrov-Galerkin型有限元法计算非恒定水流过程、非恒定非均匀沙输运和河床冲淤变化，利用无网格的SPH法计算河冰运动，基于河冰对岸滩的刮擦切应力计算岸坡侵蚀，再利用双泥沙休止角法分析不同含水层岸坡的稳定坡面。该模型创新性地耦合水沙理论和河冰理论，能模拟北方河流全季节及河冰全过程的水位流量波动、河冰运动、泥沙输移、河床冲淤及岸滩崩塌过程。通过实验条件下溃坝引起的岸坡崩塌侵蚀验证了模型的准确性和可靠性，研究结果显示该模型能再现水流、河冰、泥沙、河床及河岸间的复杂耦合作用，揭示河冰刮擦对岸滩侵蚀破坏的促进机理，可进一步支撑冬季河道防凌减灾和岸滩水土保持研究。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Wintertime surface ice runs cause threats to the safety of dikes and structures in the northern rivers. It is of great importance to investigate ice gouging and abrasion on streambanks for engineering purposes. Based on the depth-averaged two-dimensional river ice model, this paper proposes a flow-ice-sediment coupled model including a two-dimensional flow and sand module, ice dynamic module, and riverbank erosion module. The flow and sand module utilizes the streamlined upwind Petrov-Galerkin finite element scheme based on the unstructured mesh. The ice module uses the smoothed parcel hydrodynamics method. The riverbank erosion module utilizes two repose angles to adjust the equilibrium bank slope above and below the water surface. These three modules are coupled through flow,ice,sediment,and bed geometry information exchange and feedback at the given time step. The main novelty is the combination of the sediment theory and the river ice theory in the coupled model. It is applicable to flow, ice, and sediment modeling in both ice-free and ice-affected rivers for all seasons. The new model is validated by the experimental bank erosion and collapse in the dam-break flow. It is then applied to simulate bed evolutions with and without ice cover in natural rivers, and riverbank erosion and collapses in ice jam formation and release. Simulated results show that the surface ice runs interact with the flow and sediment transport, causing significant riverbank erosion and retreat. The model works well in reproducing ice-affected flow fluctuations, sediment transport, riverbank collapses, and bed changes. It provides a useful tool for ice-flooding prevention and riverbank protection in northern rivers. |
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