| 汪恩良,胡胜博,韩红卫,刘承前.基于无人机低空遥感和OTSU算法的黑龙江开江流凌密度研究[J].水利学报,2022,53(1):68-77 |
| 基于无人机低空遥感和OTSU算法的黑龙江开江流凌密度研究 |
| Research on ice concentration in Heilong River based on the UAV low-altitude remote sensing and OTSU algorithm |
| 投稿时间：2021-07-16 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20210645 |
| 中文关键词: 无人机 OTSU算法 流凌分布密度 阈值分割 顶帽变化 |
| 英文关键词: unmanned aerial vehicles OTSU algorithm ice concentration threshold segmentation top-hat |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41876213）；“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC0407301） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为提高流凌期冰凌变化信息获取的时效性和准确性，本文提出了基于无人机可见光遥感影像和OTSU算法的冰凌变化信息提取方法。以黑龙江漠河段河流断面为研究对象，首先，利用无人机遥感平台获取流凌期的高分辨率俯拍影像，对比4种图像阈值分割法，根据原始冰凌图像的灰度特征，以OTSU算法为基础，结合顶帽变化算法实现冰凌的识别和分割；同时，采用面积除噪法去除部分时间段存在阳光反射导致的误差；最终，基于冰凌的二值化图像提取冰凌变化信息，并绘制冰凌分布密度随时间变化曲线图。结果表明：OTSU算法运行速度快，图像分割精度高，适用于冰凌图像分割领域。期间监测到的冰凌分布密度最大为81.05%，且在上游发生冰塞后，从监测结果可以发现冰凌分布密度迅速下降，直至上游冰塞解除，冰凌分布密度回升至60%，符合现场实际情况。本文提出的冰凌拍摄及分析方法准确有效，为监测大范围冰凌变化信息提供了新的技术手段。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to improve the timeliness and accuracy of ice change information acquisition, this paper proposed a new method of extracting ice concentration based on unmanned aerial vehicles remote-sensing images and OTSU algorithm. In this study, taking the Mohe section of the Heilong River as the research object, firstly, drift ice images in ice flood period were captured by the unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with a high-resolution sensor in top view. The advantages and disadvantages of four image threshold-selection methods were compared and analyzed. According to the features of the original ice grayscale images, meanwhile, the ice and background were separated by combining with top-hat transformation and OTSU threshold segmentation. In order to avoid the influence of sunlight and waves, the article adopted area denoising method, and the results showed that the area denoising method was effective and rapid in removing reflective point. A graph showing how ice concentration changed with time had been plotted by extracting the ice concentration based on the ice binary image. The results show that the OTSU algorithm ran fast and had high segmentation accuracy, which is suitable for the field of ice image segmentation. The maximum ice concentration was 81.05%, and after an ice jam occurred in the upstream, the monitoring results showed that ice concentration dropped rapidly until the ice jam was lifted, the ice concentration returned to 60%. The results were in accord with the situation observed on site. The method proposed in this paper is accurate and effective, which provides a new technical means for monitoring ice change information. |
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