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Calculation of transient process of Kaplan turbine with long diversion system

1 1 1 2 2 3
KONG Zhaonian ，TIAN Zhonglu ，CHEN Zhuo ，CHEN Yan ，ZHOU Tongxu ，MO Quanbao
（1. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research，Beijing 100038，China；
2. Tianjin Electric Research Institute of electric science co.ltd，Tianjin 300186，China；
3. Inner Mongolia water resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute，Hohhot 010020，China）

Abstract：In the design of hydropower station，it has significant economic benefits to replace the tradition⁃
al surge shaft with a new type of pressure regulating valve and its control system. In order to actively pro⁃
mote this new technology，based on the self-developed real-time simulation system of turbine governor with
pressure regulating valve and the transient process calculation software of turbine governing system including
turbine， generator， water diversion system and turbine governor， the flow and torque characteristic matrix
method of turbine is used to characterize the dynamic characteristics of turbine. The mathematical model of
multi machine water conveyance system in one tunnel under the condition of rigid water hammer is estab⁃
lished， and the mathematical model of propeller-type hydro turbine governing system with pressure regulat⁃
ing valve is set up for PID governor with nonlinear characteristics of main distributing valve. Based on the
accumulated experience in the calculation and analysis of a number of projects in which the surge tank is
replaced by pressure regulating valve， the group standard of China Electric Power Federation， Technical
Guide for Hydraulic Turbine Governing System with Pressure Regulating Valve （T/CEC419） is compiled.
The research shows that through calculation， as long as the transient process of the turbine governing sys⁃
tem meets the requirements of stable operation under the conditions of start-up， no-load disturbance， on
load and load rejection of the turbine generator unit，the surge tank can be replaced with pressure regulat⁃
ing valve in the hydro-power station. According to the method suggested by （T/cec419），a calculation exam⁃
ple of the transient process of a propeller-type hydro turbine with long diversion system is given. The flow
inertia time constant （T w） of the power station is up to 27 seconds， and it is equipped with two Kaplan
turbines and one fixed blade propeller turbine. The calculation shows that after the surge shaft is replaced
by the pressure regulating valve， the turbine governing system is stable and meets the regulation guarantee
requirements.
Keywords： water inertia time； Kaplan turbine； governing system； transient process； pressure regulating
valve；surge shaft

（责任编辑：韩 昆）

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