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Studyontheriverbederosionandpredictionbasedonequilibrium
responsemodelinfluvialchannels
3
1,2
1,2
1,2
JINGHuan ,ZHANGHongwu,WANGYanjun ,WANGYongqiang ,ZHONGDeyu 3
(1.ChangjiangRiverScientificResearchInstitute,HubeiKeyLaboratoryofWaterResources&Eco - EnvironmentalSciences,
Wuhan 430010,China;
2.ResearchCenterontheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltProtectionandDevelopmentStrategy,CWRC,Wuhan 430014,China;
3.StateKeyLaboratoryofHydroscience&Engineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing 100084,China)
Abstract:Theprincipleofriverdialecticsisusedtoanalyzethetemporalandspatialevolutiontrendofnonequilib
rium fluvialrivers.Itisfoundthatthedeviationoffluvialsystemcausedbydisturbancessuchaschangesinwater,
sedimentorboundaryconditionsgenerallyexhibitsthecharacteristicsoftemporalandspatialattenuation.Inthe
processofapproachingthenewequilibriumstate ,theinteractionbetweentheflowandtheriverbedalwayscauses
thedeviationtobeadjustedinthedirectionofdecreasing,followingthe“equilibriumcharacteristics”or“equilibri
umresponseprinciple ”.Onthebasis,throughassumingthedisturbanceprobabilityconformstoPoissondistribu
tionandtheresponseintensityofindividualdisturbancesatisfiesexponentialdecaylawovertime ,thispapergivesa
preliminaryequilibriumresponsemodel.Theregularitytestofthemodelusingcollectedgeometryobservationsin
channelsdownstreamofdamsintheUnitedStatesshowsthattheresponseintensityofthefluvialrivertodisturbance
declinesnonlinearlyovertimeandspace,reflectingthetemporalandspatialequilibriumtrendofriverevolution.In
thedeepeningresearchstage ,thedifficultyofsedimentinitiationandtheflowintensityareselectedtoreflectthe
twocontradictoryrolesthataffectthesedimentmovementstateontheriverbed ,andtheratioofthetwoisusedasa
riverdynamicparametertoquantitativelydescribetheequilibriumdecaycoefficient.Followingtherelatedparame
tersarecalibrated ,themodelhasthefunctionofquantitativelysimulatingthecumulativeriverbeddegradation
downstreamofthereservoir.Then ,thecalibratedmodelbasedonthemeasureddatainthelowerreachesofSanme
nxiaReservoirisusedtopredictthestreamwiseerosionfollowingtheconstructionofGuxianReservoirinthemiddle
YellowRiverandthebackwarderosioncausedbythedegradationofTongguanelevationinthelowerWeiheRiver.
TheresultsshowthatthecumulativeriverbeddegradationatLongmenandTongguanis1.84mand1.43m ,respec
tively.Meanwhile,thefurthestdistancethatbackwarderosionwavecanpropagateinthelowerWeiheRiveris
about250km ,andthecumulativeriverbeddegradationofHuaxianandWeinansectionsare0.54m and0.25m,
respectively.Thispaperprovidesanewmethodforthepredictionofthenonequilibriumtemporalandspatialadjust
mentprocessoffluvialrivers ,andtheresearchresultshavegreatengineeringapplicationvalue.
Keywords:fluvialchannel;equilibriumresponsemodel;YellowRiver;temporalandspatialevolution;stream
wiseerosion ;backwarderosion;GuxianReservoir
(责任编辑:李福田)
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