Page 63 - 2024年第55卷第5期
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Studyondredgedandoverflowingirrigationfocusingonecological
conservationandrestorationofwetlandsindrylands
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BAITao,WANJiaquan,DENGmingjiang ,XUYan ,UralikhanUraz
(1.NorthwestChinaKeyLaboratoryofWaterResourcesandEnvironmentalEcology,Xi'anUniversityofTechnology,Xi’an 710048,China;
2.XinjiangWaterResourcesandEcologicalWaterConservancyEngineeringResearchCenter,Urumqi 830000,China;
3.WaterConservancyBureauofHabaheCounty,AltayPrefecture,Altay 836700,China)
Abstract:Reservoiroperationinaridareasemphasizeswaterdemandandneglectsirrigationmethods,resultingin
wetlandecologynotbeingimproved.ThispaperputsforwardthebasicconceptofDredgedandoverflowingirriga
tion ,clarifiesitsdefinition,connotationandsystemcomposition,andbuildsanirrigationsystem andatechnical
system.ThestudyareaofthispaperistheAKQwetlandintheHabaRiverBasin.Weoptimizedtheoriginalengi
neeringsystem basedonthesystematiccompositionofthinningandDredgedandoverflowingirrigation;divided
threelevelsofecologicalrestorationzonesunderdifferentlevelyearsbasedontheengineeringlayoutandotherele
ments ;calculatedtheappropriateecologicalwaterdemandofdifferentlandtypesusingthePenman - Monteithfor
mula ;determinedtheminimumecologicalflowratebyusingtheimprovedTennantmethod,andfinallyformulated
thethinningandDredgedandoverflowingirrigationsystem.Theresultsshowthat :(1)thewetlandwaterdemand
monthsarefromApriltoOctober,ofwhichJunetoAugustisthemainwaterdemandperiod,andtheaverageeco
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logicalbaseflowis4.66m ?s;(2)thelayoutoftheprojectandthedeterminationofecologicalrestorationzoning
improvedthewetlandwatersupplyconditions,andallthezoningiswithinthescopeofrechargeintheprojectsys
tem;(3)Thedevelopmentoftheirrigationsystemcanprovideascientificbasisfortheplanninganddesignofthe
ecologicalprojectandthemanagementofirrigationdiversion;(4)Aftertheimplementationofecologicalschedu
ling ,theareaofgrassland,freewatersurfaceandswampshowedanincreasingtrend,andtheareaofsandyarea
wasreducedby9.83%,andthehydrologicalsystem ofthewetlandwasimproved,andthefragmentationofthe
patcheswasgraduallyrestored.Theresearchresultsprovidetechnicalsupportforimprovingtheutilizationefficiency
ofwaterresourcesandtheprotectionofdrylandecology.
Keywords:wetland;ecologicalrestoration;ecologicalscheduling;dredgedandoverflowingirrigation;irrigationsystem
(责任编辑:耿庆斋)
(上接第 548页)
Reasonableselectionofintakeandexhaustdiametersforairvalveinwaterpipelines
YANGKailin
(StateKeyLaboratoryofSimulationandRegulationofWaterCycleinRiverBasin,ChinaInstituteof
WaterResourcesandHydropowerResearch ,Beijing 100038,China)
Abstract:Theselectionofinletandoutletdiametersforairvalvesinwaterpipelines,includinglow - pressurein
takeandexhaustdiametersforwaterproofhammertypeairvalve,smallexhaustdiameterforbufferplate,andhigh -
pressuremicroexhaustdiameter ,notonlyaffectsthesafetyofwaterdiversionproject,butalsoseriouslyaffects
engineeringinvestment.Inordertoreasonablyselectvarioustypesofairvalveintakeandexhaustdiameters ,this
articlefirstprovidesthefunctionalrelationshipbetweentheairvolumeflowrateandtheflowcoefficient,diame
ter ,andairpressure,aswellasthefunctionalrelationshipbetweenthewaterhammerpressureoftheliquidcol
umnbridgingandthepipediameter ,thewaterhammerwavevelocity,andthevolumeflowrateincrementoftheair
valve.Then ,thefunctionalrelationshipbetweentheairvalveintakeandexhaustdiametersandthewaterfillingand
drainageflowrates ,negativepressurecontrolrequirementsandwaterhammerpressureareestablished,takinginto
accounttheinfluenceofpipestiffnessandpositionelevation.Finally ,takingthegravityflowwaterpipelineandthe
pumpstationpressurizedwaterdiversionpipelineasexamples,thetheoreticalformulasobtainedwereappliedto
calculateanddeterminetheintakeandexhaustdiametersofthecompositeairvalveandthewaterproofhammertype
airvalve,respectively.Theresultsshowthattheintakeandexhaustdiametersoftheairvalvesdeterminedaccord
ingtotheformulainthisarticlearenotonlymuchsmallerthanthosedeterminedbyconventionalexperience ,but
canalsoeffectivelyreducetheliquidcolumnbridgingwaterhammerpressureinthewaterpipeline.
Keywords:airvalve;intakeandexhaustdiameter;waterhammerpressure;waterfilling;drainage;accident
powerfailure
(责任编辑:李福田)
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