Page 63 - 2024年第55卷第5期
P. 63

Studyondredgedandoverflowingirrigationfocusingonecological
                                    conservationandrestorationofwetlandsindrylands

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                                  1
                           BAITao,WANJiaquan,DENGmingjiang ,XUYan ,UralikhanUraz
               (1.NorthwestChinaKeyLaboratoryofWaterResourcesandEnvironmentalEcology,Xi'anUniversityofTechnology,Xi’an 710048,China;
                       2.XinjiangWaterResourcesandEcologicalWaterConservancyEngineeringResearchCenter,Urumqi 830000,China;
                               3.WaterConservancyBureauofHabaheCounty,AltayPrefecture,Altay 836700,China)
                  Abstract:Reservoiroperationinaridareasemphasizeswaterdemandandneglectsirrigationmethods,resultingin
                  wetlandecologynotbeingimproved.ThispaperputsforwardthebasicconceptofDredgedandoverflowingirriga
                  tion ,clarifiesitsdefinition,connotationandsystemcomposition,andbuildsanirrigationsystem andatechnical
                  system.ThestudyareaofthispaperistheAKQwetlandintheHabaRiverBasin.Weoptimizedtheoriginalengi
                  neeringsystem basedonthesystematiccompositionofthinningandDredgedandoverflowingirrigation;divided
                  threelevelsofecologicalrestorationzonesunderdifferentlevelyearsbasedontheengineeringlayoutandotherele
                  ments ;calculatedtheappropriateecologicalwaterdemandofdifferentlandtypesusingthePenman - Monteithfor
                  mula ;determinedtheminimumecologicalflowratebyusingtheimprovedTennantmethod,andfinallyformulated
                  thethinningandDredgedandoverflowingirrigationsystem.Theresultsshowthat :(1)thewetlandwaterdemand
                  monthsarefromApriltoOctober,ofwhichJunetoAugustisthemainwaterdemandperiod,andtheaverageeco
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                  logicalbaseflowis4.66m ?s;(2)thelayoutoftheprojectandthedeterminationofecologicalrestorationzoning
                  improvedthewetlandwatersupplyconditions,andallthezoningiswithinthescopeofrechargeintheprojectsys
                  tem;(3)Thedevelopmentoftheirrigationsystemcanprovideascientificbasisfortheplanninganddesignofthe
                  ecologicalprojectandthemanagementofirrigationdiversion;(4)Aftertheimplementationofecologicalschedu
                  ling ,theareaofgrassland,freewatersurfaceandswampshowedanincreasingtrend,andtheareaofsandyarea
                  wasreducedby9.83%,andthehydrologicalsystem ofthewetlandwasimproved,andthefragmentationofthe
                  patcheswasgraduallyrestored.Theresearchresultsprovidetechnicalsupportforimprovingtheutilizationefficiency
                  ofwaterresourcesandtheprotectionofdrylandecology.
                  Keywords:wetland;ecologicalrestoration;ecologicalscheduling;dredgedandoverflowingirrigation;irrigationsystem

                                                                                    (责任编辑:耿庆斋)


              (上接第 548页)
                     Reasonableselectionofintakeandexhaustdiametersforairvalveinwaterpipelines

                                                       YANGKailin
                             (StateKeyLaboratoryofSimulationandRegulationofWaterCycleinRiverBasin,ChinaInstituteof
                                      WaterResourcesandHydropowerResearch ,Beijing 100038,China)

                  Abstract:Theselectionofinletandoutletdiametersforairvalvesinwaterpipelines,includinglow - pressurein
                  takeandexhaustdiametersforwaterproofhammertypeairvalve,smallexhaustdiameterforbufferplate,andhigh -
                  pressuremicroexhaustdiameter ,notonlyaffectsthesafetyofwaterdiversionproject,butalsoseriouslyaffects
                  engineeringinvestment.Inordertoreasonablyselectvarioustypesofairvalveintakeandexhaustdiameters ,this
                  articlefirstprovidesthefunctionalrelationshipbetweentheairvolumeflowrateandtheflowcoefficient,diame
                  ter ,andairpressure,aswellasthefunctionalrelationshipbetweenthewaterhammerpressureoftheliquidcol
                  umnbridgingandthepipediameter ,thewaterhammerwavevelocity,andthevolumeflowrateincrementoftheair
                  valve.Then ,thefunctionalrelationshipbetweentheairvalveintakeandexhaustdiametersandthewaterfillingand
                  drainageflowrates ,negativepressurecontrolrequirementsandwaterhammerpressureareestablished,takinginto
                  accounttheinfluenceofpipestiffnessandpositionelevation.Finally ,takingthegravityflowwaterpipelineandthe
                  pumpstationpressurizedwaterdiversionpipelineasexamples,thetheoreticalformulasobtainedwereappliedto
                  calculateanddeterminetheintakeandexhaustdiametersofthecompositeairvalveandthewaterproofhammertype
                  airvalve,respectively.Theresultsshowthattheintakeandexhaustdiametersoftheairvalvesdeterminedaccord
                  ingtotheformulainthisarticlearenotonlymuchsmallerthanthosedeterminedbyconventionalexperience ,but
                  canalsoeffectivelyreducetheliquidcolumnbridgingwaterhammerpressureinthewaterpipeline.
                  Keywords:airvalve;intakeandexhaustdiameter;waterhammerpressure;waterfilling;drainage;accident
                  powerfailure


                                                                                    (责任编辑:李福田)

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