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Studyontheinfluenceofupliftpressureondifferencebetweencalculated
andmeasuredheelstressesforgravitydam
3
3
1
3
1
1,2
ZHANGGuoxin ,CHENGHeng,GENGJun,ZHOUQiujing,ZHANGHailong,DINGYu
(1.ChinaInstituteofWaterResourcesandHydropowerResearch,Beijing 100038,China;
2.StateKeyLaboratoryofSimulationandRegulationofWaterCycleinRiverBasin,Beijing 100038,China;
3.RiverBasinComplexAdministrationCenterofChinaThreeGorgesCorporation,Yichang 443134,China)
Abstract:Damheelstressisanimportantindicatorforevaluatingthesafetyofgravitydams.Whenthefiniteele
mentmethodisusedforanalysis ,gravitydamsdesignedaccordingtotheno - tensilestresscriteriontendtohave
largetensilestress.However ,therearenoreportsofobservedtensilestressinpracticalprojects.Thegravitydam
ofsomeprojectsevenhasgreatcompressivestress.Besides,themeasuredstressvariationisoftenmuchsmaller
thanthecalculatedvalue.Inthispaper,theobservationresultsof24gravitydamsathomeandabroadarecoun
ted ,andthevariationcharacteristicsofthedam heelstressbeforeandafterwaterstorageareanalyzed.Takinga
typicalgravitydamasanexample ,thedamheelstressiscalculatedbymeansofmaterialmechanicsandfiniteele
mentmethod,andthevariationlawoftheoreticaldam heelstressandmeasureddam heelstressiscomparedand
analyzed.Thispaperfocusesonthecontributionofupliftpressuretothestressoftwodam heelmeasuringpoints ,
andrevealsoneofthereasonsforthediscrepancybetweencalculatedandobserveddam heelstress.Theresults
showthatthetheoreticalheelstressistheeffectivestressconsideringupliftpressureatthebedrocksideofdam
heel ,whilethemeasureddamheelstressisthetotalstressinsidetheconcreteofthedambodyatacertaindistance
from thefoundation.Thereisastressdifferenceclosetotheupliftpressurebetweenthetwodamheelstresses.For
gravitydamsdesignedaccordingtothecriterionofnotensilestress ,themeasuredpointinthedamisgenerallythe
compressivestress,andtheminimumcompressivestressis0.5 - 1.0timestheupstreamhead.Themeasuredeffec
tivestressofthedamheeldependsontheseepagefieldandtheporewaterpressurecoefficient(Bcoefficient).The
amplitudeofseepagepressureatthispointissmallerthantheupstream headandthereisalag.Therefore ,the
measureddam heelstressamplitudeissignificantlysmallerthanthetheoreticaldam heelstressamplitude.The
differencebetweentheeffectofupliftpressureontheoreticalandmeasureddamheelisoneoftheimportantreasons
forthesignificantdifferencebetweenmeasuredandcalculateddamheelstress.
Keywords:gravitydam;upliftpressure;damheel;seepagefield;stress
(责任编辑:韩 昆)
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