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                            MorphologicaleffectsoftheoperationofXiaolangdiReservoironthe
                                            LowerYellowRiverinrecentyears

                                                                    1,2
                                                                                1,2
                                      1,2
                                                      1,2
                                                                                               1,2
                        WANGYuanjian ,WANGQiang ,LIUYanhui ,LIUGang ,JIANGEnhui
                            (1.KeyLaboratoryofYellowRiverSedimentoftheMinistryofWaterResources,YellowRiverInstituteof
                                            HydraulicResearch ,Zhengzhou 450003,China;
                 2.HenanProvincialEngineeringResearchCenterofReservoir - LakeFunctionRestoringandMaintaining,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
                  Abstract:SinceitsoperationinOctober1999,theXiaolangdiReservoirhasprofoundlychangedtheprocessof
                  runoffandsedimententeringthelowerreachesoftheYellowRiverfor23years,leadingtothereconstructionofthe
                  riverbedinthelowerreaches.Thisstudyisbasedonmulti - sourcedatasuchaslong - term hydrologicalandsedi
                  ment,cross - sectionaltopography,andremotesensingimagesfrom1960to2022.Itelucidatestheimpactofthe
                  XiaolangdiReservoironthedownstreamriverchannelsinceitsoperationfromthreeaspects:runoffandsediment,
                  erosionandsedimentationevolution,andmorphologicaladjustment.Theresultsshowthat:(1)Thesedimentre
                  tentioneffectofthereservoirissignificant,withamoreuniformdistributionofdischargedwaterwithintheyearand
                  amoreconcentratedsedimentamounttowardsthefloodseason ; theseverityandfrequencyofextremefloods,
                  droughts,andhyperconcentrationeventshavesignificantlydecreased;theadjustmentofsuspendedsedimentisnot
                  significant ,andthecoarseningofbedsedimentissignificant.(2)Thetrendofcontinuoussedimentationinthe
                  lowerYellowRiverhasbeenreversed ,andtheadjustmentoferosionandsedimentationmainlyoccursinthewan
                  deringriversectionfromHuayuankoutoGaocun ;theerosionefficiencycontinuestodecrease,andtheflowcapaci
                  tyofthemainchannelhasbeensignificantlyrestored.(3)Thecross - sectionalmorphologyofthewanderingriver
                  sectionhasdevelopedtowardsnarrowanddeepdepths ,andthedevelopmentofsecondarysuspendedrivershas
                  beeneffectivelyalleviated.Theoverallriverregimeoftheriversectionisinastablestate.Theresearchresults
                  haveenrichedthescientificunderstandingoftheimpactofreservoirconstructionondownstreamriversinsandyriv
                  ers,andcanalsoprovidescientificsupportfortheoptimaloperationoftheXiaolangdiReservoir.
                  Keywords:runoffandsediment;evolutionoferosionanddeposition;morphologicalcharacteristics;wandering
                  riversections;lowerreachesoftheYellowRiver


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