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Coupledforecastingofrainstormsandfloodsinsmallwatershedbasedon
DeepLearningandHEC - HMSModel
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LIUWan ,XIEShuai,ZHONGDeyu,WANGYongqiang,BAOShuping,ZHUXudong
(1.SchoolofCivilandHydraulicEngineering,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Wuhan 430074,China;
2.ChangjiangRiverScientificResearchInstitute,Wuhan 430010,China;
3.StateKeyLaboratoryofHydroscienceandEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing 100084,China;
4.NingxiaHydrologicalandWaterResourcesMonitoringandEarlyWarningCenter,Yinchuan 750001,China)
Abstract:Therainfallrunoffprocessinsmallwatershedissoquickthattheforecastleadtimeofconventionalflood
monitoringandforecastingisshort,whichisdifficulttoprovideeffectivesupportforfloodpreventionanddisaster
relief.Inthisstudy,acoupledforecastingframeworkforrainstorm andfloodforecastingisestablished.Inthis
framework ,thehydrologicalmodelisdrivenbytherainfallnowcastingtoprolongtheforecastleadtimeofflooding,
whichisofgreatimportanceforfloodpreventioninsmallwatershed.Intherainfallnowcastingmethod,thispaper
proposesaRainfallNowcastingMethodwithCombinedReflectanceandWindFieldasInputs(RNMCW),the
combinedreflectionandradar - retrievedwindfieldthatcaneffectivelyreflectthewatervaporcontentandwaterva
portransportationareselectedasinputs ,andthedeeplearningmodelisproposedtoextractthetemporalandspa
tialcharacteristicsofinputstoforecasttherainfallinthebasin.Theresultsshowthatthecorrelationcoefficientof
therainfallnowcastingmethodishigherthan0.75ateachstation,whichisabout5% higherthanthatofthecon
ventionalopticalflowmethod.Then,theparametersoftheHEC - HMSmodelarecalibratedwiththerainfallpre
dictedbyRNMCW,andtherainfallforecastresultsareusedastheinputofthehydrologicalmodeltobuildastorm
andfloodcouplingforecastmodel.ComparedwiththeHEC - HMSmodel,thecoupledmodelreducestheflood
peakpredictionerrorof2016floodby2.17%,andincreasestheNashcoefficientof20180722floodpredictionby
0.002.Themodelcaneffectivelyforecastthefloodprocessandextendtheeffectivepredictionperiodbyupto2
hours,thussignificantlyimprovingthefloodpredictioneffectandprovidingbettersupportforpracticalapplication.
Keywords:rainfallnowcasting;deeplearning;radar - retrievedwindfield; coupledforecastingofrainstorms
andfloods
(责任编辑:耿庆斋)
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