Page 145 - 2025年第56卷第5期

A terrestrial water-carbon balance model for China II：Model validation and application

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SONG Zhiyuan ，DUAN Kai ，ZHAO Yong ，ZHAI Jiaqi ，WENG Baisha ，DONG Yiyang 3

（1. College of Civil Engineering，Sun Yat-Sen University，Guangzhou 510275，China；2. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and

Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin，China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research，Beijing 100038，China；

3. Science and Technology Research Institute，China Three Gorges Corporation，Beijing 101199，China）

Abstract：To understand the dynamic driving mechanism of complex changing environments on regional water and

carbon cycles，it is critical to undertake national-scale studies on distributed water-carbon coupling simulation.
Based on the previously constructed WaSSI-CN model，we reconstructed the key elements of China's water-carbon

balance and validated the model using streamflow data from 193 hydrological stations and three remote sensing datas⁃
ets. The results show that the model achieved good simulation effects for runoff，evapotranspiration （ET），and gross

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primary productivity （GPP） The average Nash efficiency，Kling-Gupta efficiency，percent bias，and correlation

coefficient for runoff simulation reached 0.66，0.67，-0.57%，and 0.85，respectively. Between 1982 and 2018，for⁃
ested and cultivated lands contributed 48.32% and 25.00% to water yield over China，and 46.26% and 31.61% to

carbon sequestration，respectively. Under the combined influence of factors such as increased precipitation，rising
temperatures，and forest expansion，water and carbon fluxes in China have shown an overall increasing trend. ET and

GPP have exhibited more significant growth，and runoff evolution has demonstrated larger regional differences.

Keywords：water-carbon coupling simulation；WaSSI-CN；model validation；water-carbon exchanges analysis；

spatiotemporal distribution
（责任编辑：韩 昆）
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