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Analysis and research on fish damage caused by internal pressure change of tubular turbine

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YANG Chunxia ，XU Ding’ ，ZHU Shuangju ，ZHAO Lei ，YU An ，HE Xiangning 3
（1. College of Energy and Electrical Engineering，Hohai University，Nanjing 211100，China；
2. Chongqing Shipping Construction Development Co.，Ltd.，Chongqing 401121，China；
3. China Water Northeastern Investigation，Design & Research Co.，Ltd.，Changchun 130021，China）
Abstract： Fishes will suffer damage caused by impact and pressure change when passing through the pas⁃
sage of tubular turbine. In this paper， based on the experimental and CFD analysis methods， the damage
mechanism and threshold of fish caused by the change of pressure in the whole channel of tubular turbine
under different working conditions are explored. The high-precision simulation of the pressure change of
fish passing through the turbine is realized through experiments，and the influence of pressure and pressure
gradient on fish in the tubular turbine is studied. The results showed that when the pressure was increased
to 0.68 MPa under positive pressure， there was no obvious damage to the fish; with the decrease of the
pressure threshold， more and more fish were injured and died. When the pressure decreased to -0.015
MPa，the fish were injured，and when it dropped to -0.075 MPa，all the fish died. Through numerical cal⁃
culation and analysis，it is concluded that the area with relative pressure less than -15 kPa is mainly locat⁃
ed at the back of blade near the inlet side， and when the tubular turbine operates under different guide
vane openings， the area with relative pressure less than -15 kPa increases with the increase of flow rate，
and the probability of fish suffering from pressure damage increases with the increase of flow rate. When
the turbine is in the condition of large discharge with the minimum head， the probability of fish suffering
from pressure damage reaches the maximum value of 6.45% . With the increase of flow rate， the damage
probability of fish increases first and then decreases. When the guide vane opening of the turbine is 60mm
at the maximum head，the probability of fish suffering from pressure gradient damage reaches the maximum
value of 4.61%.
Keywords： tubular turbine； fish pressure threshold； fish casualty probability； pressure gradient； numerical
simulation
（责任编辑：杨 虹）
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