Page 108 - 2023年第54卷第11期
P. 108
Multi - dimensionalresponseofhydrologicalconnectivityto
ecologicalwaterconveyanceproject
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HURuiyuan,CHANGJianxia,DENGMingjiang ,ZHOUHaiying,
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GUOAijun,WANGYimin 1
(1.StateKeyLaboratoryBaseofEco - hydraulicinAridArea,Xi’anUniversityofTechnology,Xi’an 710048,China;
2.EngineeringResearchCenterofWaterResourcesandEcologicalWaterConservancyin
ColdandAridAreaofXinjiang ,Urumqi 830000,China;
3.XinjiangTarimRiverBasinManagementBureau,Korla 841000,China)
Abstract:Ontheonehand,theecologicalwaterconveyanceprojectsolvestheproblem ofunevendistributionof
waterresourcesintimeandspace;ontheotherhand,itchangesthenaturalconnectionstatusofthewatersystem.
Thispaperconstructedahydrologicalconnectivityevaluationsystemfromthreedimensions :morphology,structure
andfunction.Thehydrologicalconnectivityofupstream ,midstream anddownstream inthemainstream ofTarim
Riverareevaluatedbeforeandaftertheimplementationoftheecologicalwaterconveyanceproject.Thecalculation
resultsoftheintegratedhydrologicalconnectivityindexindicatedthattheconnectivityoftheupstream andmid
stream ,oftheTarimRiverincreasedfirstandthenbecamestable.Beforetheimplementationoftheecologicalwater
conveyanceproject,thehydrologicalconnectivityindexofthedownstreamshowedadownwardtrendduetothecut
off.Sincetheimplementationoftheecologicalwaterconveyanceprojectthedownstreamhydrologicalconnectivityin
dexbegantorise ,withthemorphologicalandstructuralconnectivityindexrespondingmorequickly,whilethefunc
tionalconnectivityindexrespondedmoreslowly.Intermsoftrends ,thehydrologicalconnectivityindexdidnotcon
tinuetorise ,buthadacertainthresholdvalue.Theresultsofmorphologicalconnectivityshowedthatafterimple
mentationoftheecologicalwaterconveyanceprojectthelargecontinuouswaterpatchesconvertedintosmallfrag
mentedwaterpatchesinupstreamandmidstream,andlargeareawaterpatchesincreasedindownstream.Interms
ofstructuralconnectivity,thedurationofhydrologicalconnectivitywasprolonged,especiallyindownstream.In
theearlystageoftheecologicalwaterconveyanceproject,thewaterareadecreasedinupstreamandmidstreambut
increasedindownstream.Thetotalwaterareaincreasedinthelaterstageoftheecologicalwaterconveyancepro
ject.Theareaofcontinuouslyandperiodicallyconnectedwaterareainupstream andmidstream decreased,while
thatindownstreamincreasedsignificantly(by11% and6% respectively).Intermsoffunctionalconnectivity,the
upstreamandmidstreamweredominatedbyprovisioningandsupportingfunctions.Aftertheimplementationofthe
ecologicalwaterconveyanceproject ,provisioningandsupportingfunctionsgraduallyincreasedandtheproportionof
thefourfunctionsbecamebalancedindownstream.Therewasapositivecorrelationbetweentheecologicalwater
conveyancevolumeandeachdimensionalhydrologicalconnectivityindex.Themorphologicalconnectivityindexwas
mostsensitivetothechangesinthewaterconveyancevolume,followedbythestructuralandfunctionalconnectivity
indexes.Obviously ,theecologicalwaterconveyanceprojecthaspositivebenefitsfortheimprovementofthehydro
logicalconnectivityinthemainstream ofTarim River.Thisstudycanprovidetechnicalsupportfortheecological
waterconveyancepractice.
Keywords:hydrologicalconnectivity;ecologicalwaterconveyanceproject;ecosystemservicevalue;TarimRiver
(责任编辑:于福亮)
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