Page 79 - 2024年第55卷第2期
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rizedbyregion.Differentthresholdvaluesforecologicalflowvelocityduringsensitiveperiodsareestablishedfordif
                  ferentregions(Northeast,Huang - Huai - Hai,Southwest,MiddleandlowerYangtzeRiver,South - Eastcoastalare
                  as ,andNorthwestregions)anddifferenttypesofrivers(bycatchmentarea,mountainreach,plainreach,etc.).
                  Theresultsindicatethattherecommendedaverageflowvelocityforallcategorizedregionsis0.66m?s,withmoun
                  tainouslargestationsaveraging0.94m?s ,mountainoussmallstationsaveraging0.62m?s,plainlargestationsaver
                  aging0.63m?s,andplainsmallstationsaveraging0.46m?s.Basedonthisthresholds,ecologicalflowtargetsdur
                  ingsensitiveperiodsarecalculatedfor217riversegmentsdesignatedforfishspawninghabitatprotectionnationwide.
                  Ananalysisoftherationalityandadaptabilityofthethresholdsisconductedinconjunctionwithresultsfromwetted
                  perimetermethodforcertainsections.Theverificationresultsdemonstratethattheapplicablethresholdsandmeth
                  odologyaresuitablefordiverserivertypesandscales ,therebyofferingvaluableinsightsformanagingandcontrol
                  lingsensitiveecologicalflowinChineserivers.
                  Keywords:sensitiveecologicalflow;fishspawning;ecologicalflowproportion;ecologicalflowvelocity;threshold


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                                AdetailedenergybudgetmodelfortheCentralRouteofthe
                                     South - to - NorthWaterDiversionProjectinChina

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                       PANJiajia,GUOXinlei,WANGTao,FUHui,CHENYuzhuang,LIMingxing
                            (1.StateKeyLaboratoryofSimulationandRegulationofWaterCycleinRiverBasin,ChinaInstituteof
                                      WaterResourcesandHydropowerResearch ,Beijing 100038,China;
                           2.ChinaSouth - to - NorthWaterDiversionMiddleRouteCorporationLimited,Beijing 100038,China)
                  Abstract:ThewintertimeheatexchangeiscrucialforthesafetymanagementoftheCentralRouteoftheSouth - to
                  - NorthWaterDiversionProject (CRSNWD).Giventhecomplexityofinteractionsinheatexchangeprocessesof
                  watercoursesandlimitedwaterenergybudgetmodels ,thispaperproposesadetailedenergybudgetmodelfor
                  CRSNWDbasedonvariousmeteorologicalparameters.Themodeltakesintoaccountfactorssuchassolarradia
                  tion ,cloudcover,wateralbedo,longwaveradiation,evaporativeheattransfer,conductiveheattransferatthe
                  watersurface ,andheatlossduetoprecipitationinthecanal.Thelongwaveradiationisthenetbalanceofab
                  sorbedatmosphericlongwaveradiationandemittedonesbythewatersurface.Utilizingfivewinters ’gaugingdata
                  ofwatertemperature, airtemperature, relative humidity, airpressure, wind speed, and solarradiation
                  collectedafterthecompletionofCRSNWD ,themodelhasbeenappliedtoanalyzethetotalheatfluxanditsfour
                  componentsatBeijumahe ,Caoheduct,andHutuohesiphon.Thesimulationsandobservedresultsindicatethat
                  duringwinter ,thewaterinchannelslosesheatduetolowerairtemperaturecomparedtothewater.Furthermore,
                  thesolarradiationplaysthemostsignificantroleinthenetheatflux,followedbylongwaveradiation,evapora
                  tiveheattransfer ,andconductiveheattransfer.Theircontributionstothetotalenergybudgetare43.1%,30.
                  9%,17.2%,8.8%,respectively.Theproposedmodelquantifiestheheatexchangeprocessesduringwinter
                  watertransferinCRSNWD ,servingasausefultoolforhigh - resolutionsimulationsofwatertemperature,ice
                  processes ,andfutureimprovementstowaterdiversion.
                  Keywords:energybudget;detailedmeteorologicalparameters;South - to - NorthWaterDiversion;wintertime;
                  numericalmodel


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