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安全性,例如利用空气阀和连接管形成空气阀调压室,则可大大提高输水工程的水锤防护能力。
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[ 3] 杨开林.电站、泵站中的水力瞬变及调节[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2000.
[ 4] 熊水应,关兴旺,金锥.多处水柱分离与断流弥合水锤综合防护问题及设计实例 [J].给 水 排 水,2003,
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Mathematicalmodelsforhydraulictransientsofairvalves
YANGKailin
(StateKeyLaboratoryofSimulationandRegulationofWaterCycleinRiverBasin,ChinaInstituteof
WaterResourcesandHydropowerResearch ,Beijing 100038,China)
Abstract:Airvalveisanintelligentsafetydevicecommonlyusedinwaterpipelinesystemtopreventwaterhammer
damage.Inviewoftheproblemthattheairtemperature Tisassumedtobeaconstantinthecurrenthydraulictran
sientmathematicalmodelofairvalvesandtheinfluenceofairvalveheightisignored ,newbasicequationsofair
valveinletandoutletareproposedbasedontheaerodynamictheoryofisentropicflow.Then ,anewhydraulictransi
entmathematicalmodelofairvalvesanditssolutionalgorithmareproposedbyequatingtheairvalve,thesupporting
maintenancevalveandtheconnectingpipewithasurgechamberwithautomaticairinletandoutletfunctions.Com
paredwiththeexistinghydraulictransientmathematicalmodeloftheairvalve ,themaximumwaterpressurecalculat
edbythenewmodelishigherandthenegativepressureislowerwithoutconsideringtheheightoftheairvalve ,
whichmeansthatthereisasecurityriskbasedonthecalculationresultsoftheexistingmodelasthedesignbasis.Af
terconsideringtheheightoftheairvalve ,thecalculatedmaximumwaterpressuredecreases,butthenegativepres
sureisalsomoreserious ,becausethewaterintheequivalentsurgechambercanpreventanddelaytheintakeandex
haust.Inaddition ,itissafertousethecalculatedresultsoftheadiabaticflowofairvalvegasasthedesignbasis,
becausethemaximumwaterpressurecalculatedinthiscaseislargerandtheminimumwaterpressureissmaller.
Keywords:airvalve;intakeandexhaust;airvalveheight;hydraulictransient;numericalsimulation
(责任编辑:李福田)
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